Critical Question 1
What are the 3 different types of aerobic Training?
Continuous
Fartlek
Long Interval
Identify the initial planning considerations for athletes.
Performance and fitness needs
schedule of events/ competitions
climate and season
Identify the two types of drugs used to gain strength?
Human growth hormone and anabolic steroids.
What are the 2 skill related components of fitness, that anaerobic training builds?
Speed
Power
When looking at the physiological considerations- what are some signs and symptoms of an overtrained athlete?
Signs - frequent errors in performance, illness, injuries, poor technique, increased resting heart rate, excessive thirst.
Symptoms - Pain, lack of energy (lethargy), headaches, cramping, loss of appetite.
What are the 4 types of Flexibility Training?
Static
Dynamic
Ballistic
PNF (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular facilitation)
What are the psychological signs and symptoms of someone who is overtrained?
Signs= moody and irritable, responds poorly to feedback, gives up easily.
Symptoms = lack of motivation, depression, sensitive to criticism, confusion during competition
What are the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs?
Loss of reputation, sponsorship and income, and other physical effects
What is conditioning?
Conditioning is the base work required for the sport and varies form sport to sport. It is about bringing the body to the desired state for use in a particular sport.
When considering the health and safety of training sessions, what can this include?
Protective equipment/ equipment in general
Environment: potholes, debris, water, rocks etc.
The ability of athletes - skills, fitness and health needs
safety gear ( sunscreen, water etc.)
First-aid Kit
Climatic conditions
Which type of stretching is the most dangerous? Why?
Ballistic - Because it can cause injury during the bouncing motion, and the muscles may become overstretched or strained.
Why is it important to consider the scheduling of events in the training prepartion?
So that the athlete can perform at their best when it counts - meaning their peak performance.
What are 2 benefits of drug testing and 2 limitations of drug testing?
Benefits = creates a deterrent for athletes, promotes drug-free sport, fair play and equity, rewards athletes for their ability, training and efforts and protects athletes' reputations.
Limitations = not all drugs can be tested, New drugs get created frequently, testing exposes the athlete (nudity), and new prohibited lists are developed each year, which athletes need to know and follow as they are currently held responsible and testing is expensive.
Identify some of the performance and fitness needs of an AFL team?
CV Endurance, power, Muscular Endurance, coordination. Performance = Kick accurately, communicate effectively, tackle well, strategy, tactic
Identify the components of "planning a training year" (Periodisation)
Phases of competition
Subphases
Peaking
Tapering
Sport Specific
How is aerobic capacity measured?
V02 mac and sub max testing through the beep test, treadmill or bike VO2 test.
Amount and intensity of training
Physiological considerations
Psychological considerations
Identify 2 equipment advances
swimsuits, golf balls, tennis racquets, shin pads, cricket bats,
What is the aim of a warm-up and cool down?
Warm-up = prepares the body for the session, improves physiological adaptations and promotes safety in the session.
Cool down = Speeds up recovery and help ensure good physiological adaptations occur. Helps remove waste products and fluid in order to decrease post exercise oedema (swelling). It is a recovery strategy that helps the athlete recover and adapt to training.
Identify two training innovations
Lactate threshold testing and biomechanical analysis
Identify the steps for the FITT principle.
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
Identify the elements to be considered when designing a training session
health and safety
overview of the session
warm up and cool down
skill instruction and practice
conditioning
evaluation
What are some ethical issues related to the use of technology in sport?
- Access to technology (cost/location)
What are diuretics used for and how does it work?
To mask other drugs by removing water from the blood and excreting it as urine. An example of this can include alcohol.
Identify all the health and skill related components of fitness
Health = Cardiorespiratory Endurance, Muscular endurance, flexibility, Muscular strength, Body Composition,
Skill= Balance, agility, power, speed, coordination, reaction time.