Let's
How was Harappa discovered?
1. when railway lines were being laid down for the first time in the Punjab, engineers stumbled upon the site of Harappa in present-day Pakistan.
2. it seemed like a mound that was a rich source of ready made, high quality bricks. So they carried off thousands of bricks from the walls of the old buildings of the city to build railway lines. Many buildings were completely destroyed.
How were the Harappan cities divided?
Usually, the part to the west was smaller but higher. Archaeologists describe this as the citadel. Generally, the part to the east was larger but lower. This is called the lower town.
What made the walls of structures strong?
The bricks were laid in an interlocking pattern
Name the raw materials used by craftsperson to make objects?
1. stone,
2.shell
3. metal, including copper, bronze, gold and silver.
Who is a specialist?
A specialist is a person who is trained to do only one kind of work. for example, cutting stone, or polishing beads, or carving seals
Toys were made of ___________
terracotta.
Who planned the construction of special buildings in the city?
Rulers.
Describe the role of a ruler in Harappan civilization.
1.rulers sent people to distant lands to get metal, precious stones, and other things that they wanted.
2. may have kept the most valuable objects, such as ornaments of gold and silver, or beautiful beads, for themselves
Who were Scribes?
people who knew how to write, who helped prepare the seals, and perhaps wrote on other materials that have not survived.
Assertion(A): The city is divided into different wards.
Reason(R): The complicated decisions regarding the functioning of cities are taken by the mayor of that city.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true
(c) A is true but R is false.
Name any three special structures found in the Harappan civilization. Explain any one in detail.
The great Bath, Fire altars, store houses
The Great Bath: In Mohenjo-Daro, a very special tank, which archaeologists call the Great Bath, was built in this area. This was lined with bricks, coated with plaster, and made water-tight with a layer of natural tar. There were steps leading down to it from two sides, while there were rooms on all sides. Water was probably brought in from a well and drained out after use. Perhaps important people took a dip in this tank on special occasions.
What objects were made from copper or bronze?
Copper and bronze were used to make tools, weapons, ornaments and vessels
The Harappans also made seals out of _____. These are generally rectangular and usually have an ______ on them.
stone. animal carved
Describe the Town planning in Harappan civilization.
1. Houses were either one or two Storeys high, with rooms built around a courtyard.
2. Most houses had a separate bathing area, and some had wells to supply water.
3. Many of these cities had covered drains. Each drain had a gentle slope so that water could flow through it. Very often, drains in houses were connected to those on the streets and smaller drains led into bigger ones. As the drains were covered, inspection holes were provided at intervals to clean them.
Assertion(A): Municipal Corporation directly deal with the state government.
Reason(R): They have more power with more resources.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
How people were doing agriculture in the regions which did not receive heavy rainfall?
The region which does not receive heavy rainfall, some form of irrigation may have been used. This means that water was stored and supplied to the fields when the plants were growing.
Name the stone used to make weights.
Chert, a kind of a stone.
The municipalities are formed in _______ while the municipal corporation are formed in ______
a. blocks, big cities.
b. small cities, villages.
c. small cities, big cities.
d. big cities, Janpads
c. small cities, big cities
Name the two sites where fire altars have been found.
Kalibangan and Lothal
How do you know that cotton was used during Harappan civilization? Give two reasons to support your statement.
1. Cotton was probably grown at Mehrgarh from about 7000 years ago.
2. Actual pieces of cloth were found attached
to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro.
3. Archaeologists have also found spindle whorls, made of terracotta and faience. These were used to spin thread.