The Incas create an empire
Define Cuzco
capital of the Inca empire
name the two social classes in the inca empire (who was in each?)
1. emperor, govt officials and priests
2. farmers, artisans and servants
why was the Inca army weakened just before the Spanish arrived?
a civil war broke out between brothers
How many jobs did each Inca person have? explain
1 job for the government
2 the house side hustle
Who is Pachacuti and what did he do for the empire
an Inca ruler who expanded the empire
What kind of government did the Inca form to rule effectively?
A strong central government
why did the lower class live simply?
because they were not allowed to live more than what they needed, by law what they made went to the mita
Who is Atahualpa and why is he famous?
Why did the Inca rulers believe their rulers never really died?
they believed the rulers were related to the Sun God and treated them as if they were still living
How was Quechua used to unify the empire?
it was used for official business language
How did Pachacuti keep the people from having too much power? (two ways)
1. removing local leaders and replacing them with new officials he trusted
2. taking away children of conquered leaders to travel to Cuzco to learn about Inca government and religion
inca social structure was related to ____________
religion
What did the Spanish want in exchange for Atahualpa?
A room filled with Gold
true or false: The QUECHUA came to the Americas to find land, gold, and converts to Catholicism
Conquistadors
What kind of foods/items did Incas grow/raise?
maize, peanuts, potatoes, llamas, camels
How was it possible for the Inca economy to have no merchants or markets?
the government officials would distribute goods to people on what they needed based on the MITA
how do we know that Incas were grand master builders?
cut stone so precisly, they didnt need cement to hold it together
- they also had a major network of roads
How long did the Spanish reign over the Incas?
300 years
True or False: The official language of the Inca empire was CUZCO
False - Quechua
True or False: Tenochtitlan was the capital of the Inca empire
FALSE: Cuzco
What were some jobs that Incas performed as a part of the mita? (name at least 3 out of 5)
farmed, produced cloth and other goods, mined, served in the army, built roads
The incas had no writing system or record keeping, how did they keep records and how do we know about them now? (3 ways)
1. they kept quipus
2. had an oral tradition and history
3. the Spanish arrived, records were written in Spanish
how do you think the SPANISH viewed NON Christians? Explain how you know
They saw them as threats and disrespectful people
I know this because when Atahualpa was given the Bible which he could not read, he threw it down and the Christians saw this as an act of hostility
What geographic problems did the Inca have to overcome?
the empire had a long narrow shape and incorporated many different mountains that were difficult to travel across
what were the factors that helped the Spanish conquer the Inca and the Aztec?
Superior weapons, disease