REVOLUTIONS IN AMERICA
Who was at the tops of the social hierarchy in the Spanish colonies in Latin America.
The Spaniards
Who was the initial cause of the Haitian Revolution?
To abolish slavery in St. Domingue.
How long did the Haitian Revolution last?
13 years
Who is considered the Father of Mexican Independence?
Padre Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
Which indigenous group did Padre Miguel Hidalgo help?
The Otomi People
Why were the Creoles in Mexico unhappy with Spain?
The Creoles wanted more power and to hold positions in the government.
What was Haiti called before they won independence from France?
St. Domingue
What was the French to Slave ratio in St. Domingue before the revolution?
1:20 ( 1 French to every 20 slaves)
What year did Mexico's War of Independence begin?
1810 ( specifically September 16)
What was the GRITO DE DOLORES?
Miguel Hidalgo's words that sparked the beginning of the revolution
Who were the Mestizos?
People who were partly indigenous and partly Spanish.
What is August 22, 1791 known as?
The Night of Fire, the night the revolution started
What does L’Ouverture mean and why did they call him this?
The Opening, because Toussaint always found an opening to attack French Soldiers.
Who assistend Padre Miguel Hidalgo in the Revolution?
Ignacio Allende, Juan Aldama
Wha social class did Hidalgo and Morelos belong to?
They were Creoles
Name 4 European countries that established colonies in Latin America.
1. Spain
2. France
3. Portugal
4. Netherlands
Name the 3 main leaders of the Haitian Revolution.
1. Boukman
2. Toussaint L'Ouverture
3. Jean Jacques Dessalines
On what island is Haiti located and with which other country?
Hispaniola/ Dominican Republic
What was Padre Miguel Hidalgo's 2 plans for the revolution?
1. Gained Independence from Spain
2. Remove the Spaniards from the top of the social hierarchy
On what date did Mexico win it's independence from Spain.
September 27, 1821
Name 3 influences that encouraged colonies in Latin America to seek independence.
1. Enlightenment Ideas
2. The American Revolution
3. The French Revolution
Why did Toussaint L'Ouverture go to war with Napoleon Bonaparte?
Napoleon as, emperor of France, wanted to reinstate slavery in St. Domingue.
What was the end result of the Haitian Revolution ( Name 2)
1. Haiti became the first black republic in the world
2. Haiti was the first to win independence in Latin America from their European Colonizers
Why did the Creoles not support Jose Maria Morelos?
1. He wanted equality amongst the social groups ( no more class system)
2. He wanted to give the Creole owned Haciendas to the workers.
How did Mexico finally win its independence from Spain?
Vincente Guerrero joined his rebel army with Augustin Iturbide's Spanish Army.