Historical Context
Long-standing resistance to slavery, brutality, and racial hierarchy, culminating in organized revolt in 1791.
Haitian Revolution
They consisted of the FLN’s armed wing, the ALN, composed of nationalists from all social classes
Algerian revolutionaries?
formerly enslaved man who became a brilliant general, strategist and a key leading figure in the revolution
Toussaint Louverture
Louverture initially aligned with this country who controlled the eastern side and took this chance to weaken France
Spain
External factors that devastated the economy of an Independent Haiti
Isolation, Boycotts, and Forced Reparations
A buildup of anti-colonial sentiment, inequality under French rule, and frustration with broken promises after WWII.
Algerian Revolution
Guerrilla warfare, sabotage, and direct battles drawing on African military traditions and knowledge of the terrain.
Haitian Tactics
FLN and Ahmed Ben Bella
Leaders of the Algerian Revolution
During the war, many FLN leaders operated in exile, especially in this country, which became a major hub for their activities.
Egypt
After independence, this former enslaved general declared himself Emperor of Haiti.
Jean-Jacques Dessalines
This country exploited the people and land in both cases—through slavery in Haiti and settler colonialism in Algeria.
France’s role in both colonies before revolution
Mountains gave this revolution an edge in the war
Haitian Revolution
Toussaint Louverture increased military strength after winning this war with a namesake of a particular piece of cutlery
War of Knives
After gaining independence this nation was intentionally shunned and isolated
Haiti
This was a major post-independence challenge for both nations, especially Haiti due to global isolation.
economic instability
It exposed colonial contradictions—many Algerians served in the war expecting change, but returned to repression.
Impact of WWll
Used urban bombings, and political mobilization to wear down French control.
The Algerian Revolution
Spiritual and political gathering of enslaved Africans in the northern part of Saint-Domingue
Bois Caiman Ceremony
This country refused to support Haiti’s independence out of fear it would inspire slave revolts at home
The United States
Algeria's post-independence government was controlled by this revolutionary group.
FLN (National Liberation Front )
One had Slave-based plantation economy; One had wealth controlled by European settlers.
What economic systems dominated pre-revolution Haiti and Algeria?
They responded with extreme violence and repression, including massacres, and torture
The French Military
In Algeria this was used both as a spiritual unifier and a cultural counter to French secular colonialism
Islam
While Algeria had help from its diaspora in France, Haiti had limited external networks due to this oppressive system.
Slavery
Haiti was forced to pay “reparations” to this country, plunging its economy into debt for more than 100 years.
France