Pre- and First-Contact
The evolution of rural areas into complex, city-like areas
What is urbanization?
Occurrence from 1616-1619 in which disease killed the majority of Wampanoags & surrounding tribes, leaving a sparse population when Pilgrims arrived
Great Dying
Animal brought over as part of the Columbian Exchange that revolutionized Native American warfare
What is a horse?
This tribe was present at the First Thanksgiving
Who are the Wampanoag people?
A biography is this type of source (primary vs. secondary)
What is Secondary?
Taking raw materials and labor from colonies and bringing them back to the mother country to sell for a profit
What is mercantilism?
To gradually become part of the dominant culture (voluntarily or forced)
To avoid conflict, Native Americans were often forced into signing these agreements to forfeit their lands
What are treaties?
This President passed the Indian Removal Act and failed to follow through on the Supreme Court’s ruling in support of the Cherokee tribe
Who is Andrew Jackson?
This term describes providing everyone with the tools/resources they need to succeed vs. providing everyone with the same exact tools
What is equity?
The Three G's of European exploration
God, Glory, & Gold
Term involved with American expansion describing how no matter what the U.S. did, Native Americans were still present as "an obstacle" in the West
What is the "Indian Problem"?
The military conflict in which the most Medals of Honor have been awarded in U.S. History
This man was a settler at Jamestown, VA and wrote two very different accounts of his encounters with the Powhatan tribe
Who is John Smith?
Name one New England state that was NOT one of the original thirteen colonies.
What is...
- Maine
- Vermont
Name three items brought from Europe to the Americas in the Columbian Exchange
What are...
- disease
- livestock
- onion
- sugarcane
-bananas
- citrus fruits
- horses
- enslavement
What are Indian Industrial Schools/Indian Boarding Schools?
This conflict in 1622 involved the Powhatan Confederacy killing hundreds of settlers in Virginia
The Native American leader Sitting Bull led the resistance movement for many years for this (his own) tribe.
Who are the Sioux?
This system first brought enslaved Africans to North America.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Explain the Black Legend vs. Benevolent Spain concepts.
Black Legend: Spanish conquerors tortured and killed Native Americans, forced Catholicism on them, stole their gold, infected them with smallpox, and left only misery behind
Benevolent Spain: The Spanish erected a colossal empire and pushed their culture, laws, religion and language onto native societies, creating many Spanish-speaking nations
Law (act) that required the distribution of reservation land among individual Native Americans, or else the land would be sold to white settlers
Name one of the Final Plains Wars (besides Wounded Knee) and why it was significant.
- Battle of Little Bighorn/Custer's Last Stand
- Sand Creek Massacre
- Red Cloud's War
Christopher Columbus explored on behalf of this country (1), but has been a historical icon for this country (2)
1. What is Spain?
2. What is Italy?
Briefly describe one modern Native American protest movement.
Answers may vary