A protein that causes genes to be "turned on" or "turned off"
What is transcription factor?
100
The body might _______ hESC's but not iPSC's.
What is reject?
100
Name 3 medical conditions that may be cured with iPS cells.
What is Alzheimer’s disease, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, Type I diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis? (any 3 of the above)
100
The name of the disease that scientists helped treat in rodents using iPSCs in August 2010.
What is Parkinson's Disease?
200
Person who came up with the idea of reprogramming a cell from adult tissue into an embryonic-like, pluripotent cell in 1938.
What is Hans Spemann?
200
The number of transcription factors are required to reprogram DNA.
What is 4?
200
Cells that can be easily obtained for iPSC's.
What is skin cells.
200
Two problems surrounding iPS cell procedure.
What is reduced efficiency, elevated rate of apoptosis, prone to cancer/tumor development, and premature aging?
200
The name of the Harvard researcher who devised a new, more efficient method for reprogramming adult cells into iPSCs.
What is Derrick Rossi?
300
In 1938, researchers conducted the first experiment on this animal.
What is the Salamander?
300
Reasons why Dental Pulp Cells are good candidates for donor cells (DNA that is to be reprogrammed).
What is they are easily obtained without an invasive procedure?
OR
What is they are successful 5/6 trials?
300
Makes iPSC research easier due to government restriction...
What is human embryo.
300
Besides being used for regeneration of cells and tissues for cell-based therapies, name one other benefit of iPS cells.
What is testing new drugs using human pluripotent lines or research human development?
300
Using the newest technique (developed in September 2010) to reprogram adult cells into iPSCs, scientists treated skin cells with ______?
What is modified messenger RNA?
400
In the 1950’s these two people experimented on a leopard frog.
What is Robert Briggs and Thomas King?
400
The purpose of the virus in the protocol of producing iPS cells.
A. To assemble the reprogrammed DNA.
B. To activate the new genes in the reprogrammed DNA.
C. To transfer the necessary transcription factors into the DNA.
D. To kill certain genes in the DNA so it will be reprogrammed.
What is C?
400
Needed to be done on an iPSC but not a hESC.
What is gene reprogramming?
400
iPS cells avoid ethical controversies because they do not _______.
What is destroy embryos?
400
Induced Pluripotent Stem cells created with modified RNA seem to resemble ______ even more than iPS cells generated using viral methods.
What is embryonic stem cells?
500
The two people who published the breakthrough article in Cell titled "Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined Factors”.
What is Kazutoshi Takahashi and Shinya Yamanaka?
500
The reason ES cell lines are cultured alongside of the Dental Pulp cell samples.
What is to determine the reprogramming efficiency of the DPCs.
500
Needed to confirm the effectiveness of iPSC's.
What is hESC's?
500
The 4 reasons why iPS cells are the best approach to curing medical conditions.
What is avoids ethical controversies, patient specific, quick/efficient procedure, and few technical limitations?
500
Researchers reprogrammed _____cells into induced pluripotent stem cells in November 2010