Geography
What were the two major rivers?
Ganges and Indus
What were the two major religions?
Hinduism and Buddhism
What is a mandala?
A symmetrical arrangement of symbols that is often used for meditation and spiritual guidance.
What is a nomad?
A person or group who moved frequently to find new lands for their cattle to graze on.
True or False: the majority of people lived in the cities (Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa).
False- 90 percent of the people of the Indus Valley lived in the country.
How many "groups" or castes are there?
4
What is a subcontinent?
Part of a continent that is politically and geographically separate from the rest of the continent.
Who founded Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
List 3 math achievements for IRV.
Zero, Infinity, Algebra, Algorithms, and Symbols for 1-9.
Why did the Aryans establish Kingdoms?
To supervise what people did in the community.
List three crops that were produced in the IRV.
Wheat, barley, rice grapes, watermelons, peas, dates, and garlic.
True or False- in Ancient India, you could NOT change your caste.
True
What is a monsoon?
A strong wind that blows in one direction is summer to bring warm air and wind. In winter, it blows in the opposite direction to bring cool dry air.
What is reincarnation?
Rebirth of the soul or spirit in different bodies over time
A doctor carried out an early form of ____________ when he restored someone's broken nose.
plastic surgery
What was the leader of a clan called?
Raja
List three jobs from the IRV.
Potters, metalworkers, brick makers, shell workers, bead makers, weavers, jewelry makers, and farmers.
What is the purpose of the caste system?
Way of organizing society. Everyone has a place and job to go with their caste.
What geographic feature separates the Indus Valley from the rest of the Asian continent (creating a subcontinent)?
Himalaya Mountains
Who founded Hinduism?
No main one founder. Millions of people over time.
List 3 achievements for science.
Astronomy, planets revolve around the sun, and gravity.
What were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro and how were they organized?
Largest cities organized in grids that began modern technology.
Name one common meal time food.
Meal time- meat, milk, products, grains, vegetables, fruit, and soma
Which group is NOT considered part of the caste system?
Untouchables: cared for dead, swept street, cleaned up
List 3 advantages of IRV's geography.
Rivers provide water. Mountains provide water and protection. Oceans provide transport and food. The Deccan Plateau has good soil and level ground for farming. If the monsoons were on time it caused rich soil and good crops
List 3 similarities between Hinduism and Buddhism.
Similarities- polytheism, reincarnation, karma, and world religions that began in the Indus Valley.
We discussed two major pieces of literature. Name one or explain the story.
- Ramayana (ram-ah- yern) Follows the God Rama on his adventure to get his wife, Sita, back who was captured by Ravan (demon god).
-Mahabharata (maha-baret) a big fight between two groups of cousins, called the Pandavas and the Kauravas, who were fighting over who should be king of their land.
Who seized the throne with a combination of military campaigns and powerful alliances. His resulting empire covered much of the Indian subcontinent ruling millions of people.
Chandragupta Maurya
List 4 items that were traded in the Indus Valley.
Beads, shells, pottery, woven mats, wine/soma, animal skins, jewelry, woven cloth, hooks, and chariots.
List the jobs associated with each social level of the caste system.
Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras
Brahmins: Priests (spiritual/religious leaders), teachers, (went to school)
Kshatriyas: Warriors and rulers
Vaisyas: Traders, artisans, shop-keepers, farmers
Sudras: Laborers, servants