Life Before & After Agricultural Revolution
What was the cottage industry?
Products made by hand at home to sell locally.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
A time when goods were made by machines in factories instead of by hand.
What were Britain’s natural resources that helped it industrialize?
Rivers, coal, and iron.
How did the steam engine change factories?
Made machines faster and more efficient.
What were living conditions like in industrial cities?
Overcrowded, polluted, and unsanitary
What type of economy existed before the Industrial Revolution?
Agricultural — based on farming.
What does “mass production” mean?
Making a large number of goods quickly and efficiently.
How did increased food supply help Britain industrialize?
It led to population growth and more factory workers.
What new freedom did steam power give factory owners?
They could build factories anywhere, not just near rivers.
Why were these conditions harmful?
They spread disease and caused poor health.
What did new farming inventions during the Agricultural Revolution do?
Increased food supply and reduced labor.
Why is the Industrial Revolution called an evolution?
It was a gradual change over time, not one single event.
What does “capital” mean in this context?
Wealth or money used to invest in businesses and machines.
Why were railroads so important?
They transported materials, people, and created jobs.
What did the Factory Act of 1833 do?
Limited child labor, set age limits, and required schooling.
How did the Agricultural Revolution lead to industrialization?
It created a larger population and a labor force for factories.
What industry was the first to industrialize?
The textile (cloth) industry.
Why did Britain’s economic stability help it industrialize?
It gave people confidence to invest in new technology.
How did railroads affect rural workers?
Allowed people from farms to work in cities.
Why wasn’t child labor stopped right away?
People relied on it for income, and profits came first.
Why was wealth important during the Agricultural Revolution?
Money was needed to invest in machines and build factories.
Name two inventions that improved textile production.
The Spinning Jenny, Water Frame, or Flying Shuttle.
Name all three reasons Britain industrialized first.
Increased food supply, wealth/capital, and natural resources.
What industries grew because of railroads?
Mining, iron, and factory production.
Describe some horrors of child labor.
Long hours, dangerous machines, and abusive conditions.