Key Terms
The gradual process that saw people move from using simple tools to using complex technology, increasing the output of goods and Growth of Business.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
The crowded multistory buildings that were converted into apartments for working class families, often dirty, cramped and dark.
What is a tenement?
The "hands off" approach to markets and business favored by the middle class and entrepreneurs' beginning of modern capitalism
What is Laissez Faire?
Have an idea? You can thank this American inventor not just for the lightbulb but for also advances in controlling electricity, credit to Tesla not necessary
Who is Thomas Edison?
This idea helped people realize where disease came from and reinforces the "5 second rule"
What is Germ Theory?
The money and resources needed to start a business or enterprise.
What is Capital?
The middle class were known as the "haves" and bourgeoisie as Karl Marx called them, while the working class were referred to as the "have nots" or this French term.
What is the Proletariat?
This British philosophers' bleak response to overpopulation that suggested "war, famine and disease" were needed to keep numbers down.
Who is Thomas Malthus?
This inventors' design was meant to help with construction but the explosive results lead to it being used primarily for destruction, leading to him creating a research foundation and award for science being named after him.
Who is Alfred Nobel?
The movement by the middle class and mobilized working class to improve the slums and poor sections of the cities with new buildings and parks
what is urban renewal?
The process of people moving from small towns and villages to major metropolitan cities.
What is Urbanization?
Along with working 12-16 hours a day in the factories, women in the workforce were also subjected to these other problems at work and at home.
What is low pay and "second shift"?
Jeremy Bentham's belief system that suggests all decisions should be made to benefit the most people possible.
What is Utilitarianism?
This process of giving each person a specific task to build a product has been applied to manufacturing, factories and even pizza places today.
What is an assembly line?
You may have seen his name on a mouthwash bottle, but he first pushed for hygiene in the battle fields and hospital to kill 99.9% of germs to prevent further disease
who is Joseph Lister?
The movement from farming culture to mass production in factories and manufacturing enterprises
What is industrialization?
In order to combat poor work practices, workers met in secret and tried to form unions but failed for this reason.
What is Unions were illegal?
The transition from capitalism to socialism that captures a balance between the two economic/social systems
What is Social Democracy?
He's no Superman, but this man of steel production changed the strength and output of steel for factories and manufacturing in 19th century England
Who is Henry Bessemer?
This man's discovery of bacteria growth and rabies vaccination pale in comparison to his name being synonymous with milk today
Who is Louis Pasteur?
The movement where people began to move closer together and rely on the roles and strengths of other for their sustenance and survival. (Lecture)
What is Interdependence?
The Laws passed that lowered the amount of hours worked by children and women and provided necessities such as school and breaks made the work environment better for workers.
Robert Owen chased this dream of a perfect society when he built his controlled factory towns in Scotland. Sad to say, practice did not make perfect and the plant shut down after 2 years
What is a Utopia?
Countries such as the United States and Germany caught up to England because they had an abundance of these resources
What are people and raw materials?
These groups of volunteers aimed to improve their communities as the boom of the Industrial Revolution moved, acting as the foundation to the Progressive movement and grassroots activism
What are mutual aid Societies?