Agriculture Rev
What was the agricultural revolution?
transformation of agriculture from traditional medieval farming to more productive, efficient, and mechanical methods of farming through scientific innovation and new techniques starting in the mid-1700s
How did people make goods before the Industrial Revolution?
What was name was this type of production called?
by hand
cottage industry
How effect did the railroads have?
The less expensive transportation lowered the price of goods and made for larger markets.
In what country did the Potato Famine take place?
Ireland
Why did Emperor adopt Western ways?
escape future domination by the West.
What is an enclosure?
process of making common land into private land, owned by a farmer
What was a major reason the Industrial Revolution began in England?
abundant coal and iron resources
Which two social classes did the industrial revolution create?
the industrial middle class
the industrial working class
What did the Irish poor depended on?
farms and the potato for their existence.
Instead of Feudalism and the Samurai what was established?
a unified military
increase in population in Great Britain and elsewhere, and increased urbanization because people moved away from their farms to cities.
Why did the natural resources Britain had help the Industrial Revolution develop there?
possessed key factors of production
How did many inhabitants of these rapidly growing cities live in?
miserable conditions
What ruined the potatoes and began the famine?
the famine was a fungus brought on boats carrying goods
What kind of western technologies did the Japanese adopt?
railroads and factories
How did the innnovation of the the horse-drawn seed drill have an effect on the agricultural revolution?
Higher Agricultural Yields
More Food, More Time, Fewer Workers
Which 2 social changes occurred during the Industrial Revolution?
growth of the working class
and the move from rural to urban ares
What is industrial capitalism?
an economic system based on industrial production.
Name 3 effects of the Potato famine:
•775,000 to 1.5 million died
–¼ of the population
•Ireland is still affected by the Potato Famine.
–Smaller population than 1840.
•Many Irish ended up in other countries (like U.S.)
•It was the single greatest disaster of the 19th Century.
What did Japan do in order to get natural resources?
conquer colonies for raw materials for manufacturing
What was an effect of the Dutch Four Crop Rotation System?
As a result of the four-crop rotation system, British farmers could be more productive. The turnips replenished the soil with needed nutrients, provided another crop for farmers to eat and sell, and gave their livestock something to live on during the winter.
What 2 inventions were crucial to the Industrial Revolution?
the steam engine
railroads/rocket
Name at least two working conditions workers face:
How did these conditions change?
16 hours a day, six days a week
No one had security on the job
there was no minimum wage.
hot temperatures in the cotton mills were especially harmful
conditions changed through social reform; different acts (laws)
Give at least 2 solutions created to solve the problem?
Were the solutions successful? why or why not?
A Relief Commission was created to help those who didn’t have any food.
Soup kitchens were established
Peel tried to distribute corn imported from the U.S.
He took too long to make changes, and not much got done.
Japan was given a written constitution.
The emperor kept his full power