Beginnings
Who brought the Industrial Revolution to the US?
Samuel Slater
Who invented the telegraph?
Samuel Morse
What invention made travel faster and safer?
Railroad, canals, steam engine (any of these would work)
What is urbanization?
the process of creating a city
Define sectionalism
It is when people care more about their one "section" of a whole and don't care what happens to the other sections; an "us vs them" mentality
What was the first kind of factory opened in the US?
Textile Mill
Who could operate the Spinning Jenny?
Just about anyone, you didn't have to have any special skills
What is a canal?
A man-made river that ships could use to transport goods and people to cities further west than ever before
How did the industrial revolution lead to urbanization?
People wanted to live close to the factories where they worked so everyone lived in the same area instead of spread out, which created cities
What is ONE example of sectionalism we talked about with the Industrial Revolution?
North vs South OR Rich vs Poor
What power source did early factories use?
Running water
Which invention made it so that you could replace parts of a machine instead of the whole machine?
Interchangeable Parts
True or False: People used trains to commute to work everyday
FALSE - trains were used for long journeys, not for everyday use
What region of the US were most cities located?
The North
What is an example of modern day sectionalism?
What was the Lowell System?
It was a group of factories in one place, like a neighborhood, that employed all women workers, which encouraged them to become more self-reliant
What was the impact of the Telegraph?
People were able to communicate across vast distances for personal reasons or for business
Why were more people traveling west thanks to the Industrial Revolution?
Railroads and canals let people move out west faster and more safely so more people were encouraged to move out west since it wasn't as dangerous as it used to be
What is ONE positive of urbanization?
People have a wide variety of jobs, it led to the public transportation system, new immigration and cultures
What is an example of a difference between the rich and the poor (besides money)?
The rich lived in large mansions and the poor lived in overcrowded apartments; the rich and the poor separated themselves within the city; the rich were usually business and factory owners and the poor were usually factory workers; the rich were usually people who had lived in America for a long time and the poor were usually immigrants
Being able to get jobs encouraged them to fight for more rights like equal pay
What was the impact of the Cotton Gin?
It made cotton so profitable that southern plantation owners insisted on buying and keeping more slaves than ever before, leading to an increase in slavery in the South
Describe the "circle" relationship between trains and westward expansion we talked about in class
Factories built railroads and trains which encouraged people to move west and when more people were living in the west they wanted more trains to go to more places so the factories built more trains and tracks which encouraged more people to move out west and then they wanted more trains to move more places and....
What is ONE negative of urbanization?
Overcrowding, diseases, unclean water, poor sanitation
What is an example of a difference between the North and the South?
North relied on industry and the South relied on agriculture, the North did not support slavery and the South did support slavery, the North had large cities and the South was mostly rural