Steam Power
who improved Watt's steam engine
Thomas Newcomen
Why was coal used instead of wood?
Wood burnt faster, coal lasted longer
What is a mudlark?
Someone who scavenges in rivers of mud for items of value
What was the greatest invention of the industrial revolution
James Watt's Steam engine
What were the main ways of transportation in the industrial revolution?
Railroads, steamboat, waterways, roads
The steam engine was used in what industrial settings?
Transportation, factories
What is a collier?
Coal miner
What were the top 5 worst jobs for a child?
Mudlark, cotton scrap scavenger, pushers and thrusters, chimney sweep, powder monkey
What was the Spinning Jenny?
a multiple-spindle machine for spinning wool or cotton
What method of transportation solved the problem of travelling upstream?
Steamboat
Who invented the steam engine?
James Watt, Thomas Newcomen, Edward Huber, Edward Somerset 2nd Marquess of Worcester
What are some hazards of coal mining?
Tunnels could collapse, being exposed to dangerous gasses
Why were children ideal for working?
They were small and could fit in tight spaces and could be paid less
what were the 3 most important inventions of the industrial revolution?
Steam engine, spinning jenny, cotton gin
What were roads like before the industrial revolution?
Poorly maintained dirt roads
Why was steam better than other alternatives such as muscle, water, windpower?
efficient and powerful. Could stand better weather conditions
Why were there risks of explosions in coal mines?
Methane would come in contact with the candle flame
What were some problems encountered from being a child labourer
Working long hours, unsafe working conditions, treated unfairly, poor hygiene
How did these inventions benefit workers in the industrial revolution?
Created more jobs that required less skill
How did transportation change in the industrial revolution?
Animals became less in use
How did steam power impact the industrial revolution?
Became the energy source for many machines and vehicles, making it cheaper and easier to produce commodities in large amounts.
What was the role of coal during the industrial revolution?
Used to make steam that powered machinery in factories
What were the hazards of being a chimney sweep?
respiratory disease, risk if cancer, getting stuck in the the chimney
Why did James Hargreaves name his machine Spinning Jenny?
Jenny was a name commonly used for an engine
What was the macadam process
crushed stone or gravel mixed with asphalt or hot tar to create smooth gravel roads