Causes
What country did the Industrial Revolution begin in?
Britain/England
Which of the following is NOT an effect/outcome of the Industrial Revolution?
1. Mass production and new technologies
2. People stopped making things at home
3. Unprecedented economic and population growth
4. Increased spread of disease and sickness
2. People still made things at home, but they were no longer the sole means of income for the majority
What are the two economic/cultural systems born out of the Industrial Revolution?
Socialism and Capitalism
Name two key inventions from the Industrial Revolution
Power loom, steam engine, matches, sewing machine, railroads, spinning jenny, cotton gin, etc...
Before the Industrial Revolution, how were goods made
By hand/in cottages
What is the name of the economic system that was in place BEFORE the Industrial Revolution?
The Cottage System
What is one outcome of labor movements and unions during the Industrial Revolution?
Contemporary unions, better wages and working conditions, laws protecting workers, child labor laws, maternity leave, etc.
What were the two social/economic classes that were born out of the Industrial Revolution?
Industrialists (capitalists) and Workers (laborers)
The industrialization of new products caused many to move to the cities for work. What is the name of this trend/movement?
Urbanization
What is the name of the large "apartment-style" buildings that were made to accommodate the large number of people moving into urban areas. These were oftentimes cramped, poorly constructed, and less than ideal.
Tenements
The mining of coal led to the creation of what new energy source?
Hint: this source was crucial for power generation and led to new innovations
Steam Power (Steam engine!)
The Industrial Revolution was both caused by and led to greater population growth. An increase in the production of what allowed this to happen?
Food (nutritious food!)
The french term "laissez-faire", or "free market" is the key component of which economic system born out of the Industrial Revolution?
Capitalism/Industrial Capitalism
Alongside technology, there were many other forms of innovation. For example, what is the name given to a group or association of people who work together to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages?
A union
How long was the average work day during the Industrial Revolution?
10-12 hours
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin where it did?
Large deposits of coal high up in soil, colonial economic advantages/geographic advantages, post-civil war meant lack of royal influence on economics, increase in population created need for agricultural innovation, etc.
True or False: The introduction of child labor laws is directly related to the institution of universal education.
True!
What is one shared trait between socialism and capitalism?
1. Government involvement
2. Social, cultural, and economic theories
3. Neither have ever been fully achieved
Alongside technology, new ideas and worldviews were being created during the Industrial Revolution. Who is credited with having come up with Socialism?
Hint: also known for work in the creation of Communism
Karl Marx
What is something that could happen to you if you were late to work, were working slowly, etc.
Could get fired, beaten, replaced, etc.
What is the name of the movement wherein farms were consolidating land (creating larger and fewer farms) and, in turn, needed fewer workers?
Enclosure Movement
The invention of what allowed people to work at night?
Hint: It also led to the creation of work shifts and the school/work bell. Was also featured in our Urban Game activity
Gas Lighting
Economic system in which the means and distribution of wealth is controlled by the community/collective. This system has never been fully achieved.
Socialism
Name a group of people who benefitted from the creation of the cotton gin and a group of people who did NOT benefit from it.
Did: Industrialists who owned cotton factories, cotton plantation owners
Did not: Workers in cotton factories with poor working conditions, enslaved individuals
How did family dynamics shift during the Industrial Revolution?
Unit of production to unit of consumption, everyone worked, little to no privacy, increased familial separation