Industrial Revolution Basic
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
England
What did the steam engine replace as a power source?
Water power
What is a factory system?
A system where goods are mass-produced in factories instead of homes
What is urbanization?
The growth of cities due to industrial jobs
What is one new form of transportation from the Industrial Revolution?
Trains, steamships, automobiles, etc.
What shift occurred in the Industrial Revolution?
A shift from handmade goods to machine-made goods in factories
What invention allowed one worker to spin multiple threads at once, speeding up textile production?
Spinning Jenny
Name two harsh conditions factory workers faced.
Long hours, low pay, dangerous machines.
Name one problem caused by rapid urbanization
Overcrowding, pollution, poor sanitation, etc.
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
What industry was the first to be transformed by the Industrial Revolution?
Textile Industry
What machine allowed a worker to spin eight threads at once?
Spinning Jenny
What new social class was created during the Industrial Revolution?
The middle class
Name one environmental problem caused by factories.
Air pollution, water pollution, deforestation, climate change
How did steam engines change where factories were built?
They could be built anywhere with coal
What was the Agricultural Revolution’s impact on industrialization?
It increased food production, leading to population growth and more labors
What transportation innovation created the need for railroads?
Steam-powered trains
What did workers do when they wanted better pay and conditions?
They went on strike.
Why did tenements have poor living conditions?
Overcrowding, no plumbing, no sanitation, disease spread
What transportation improvement helped goods and people travel faster on land?
Railroads
How did England’s colonial empire help fuel the Industrial Revolution?
Provided raw materials & markets for finished goods
Why was the telegraph an important invention?
It allowed long-distance communication using electrical signals
Why did workers form labor unions during the Industrial Revolution?
To create a group that together would demand better pay, working conditions, and hours.
How did deforestation relate to the Industrial Revolution?
Forests were cleared for factories, cities, and railroads
How did railroads help factories?
They moved raw materials and goods faster and cheaper