Beginnings
Before the Industrial Revolution, how were goods made?
By hand at home.
Who invented the spinning jenny?
James Hargreaves.
What replaced home-based work?
Factories.
What invention helped move goods faster by land?
The steam train.
How many hours did children work?
Up to 14 hours a day.
Less than 15 hours a day.
Up to 14 hours a day.
What helped farmers produce more food faster?
New farming tools and methods (Agricultural Revolution).
What did Edmund Cartwright create?
The power loom (mechanical loom).
Why did factories grow?
Because machines made production faster and cheaper.
What year did steam-powered trains start?
1825
1840
1800
2024
1825
What social problems appeared during industrialization?
Poor working conditions, child labor, pollution, overcrowding.
What year was the spinning jenny invented?
1764
Who improved the steam engine in 1769?
James Watt.
What did factories help to make faster and cheaper?
Textiles and other goods.
Which country first built many factories and railroads?
England.
What was the key fuel of the Industrial Revolution?
Coal
What industry was important in England?
Cotton textile industry.
What machine allowed faster textile production?
The mechanical loom.
How did factories affect prices?
Prices became lower.
Who was Samuel Slater?
A man who copied England’s factory system and started US factories.
Who invented the electric light bulb?
Thomas Edison.
What was the main energy source for factories?
Coal ( is a natural, combustible rock formed over million of years from plants matter).
What invention revolutionized transportation in 1825?
The steam-powered train (railroad).
What problems did factory workers face?
Long hours, low pay, dangerous conditions.
What did Samuel Slater do in the USA?
He built the first American textile factory.
What energy replaced coal later?
Electricity.