Why Britain?
This natural resource was especially abundant in Britain and helped power the Industrial Revolution.
What is coal?
This farming method innovated productivity by maintaining soil fertility.
What is the four-crop rotation (or Dutch rotation)?
The process that describes the movement of peoples to the cities from the countryside
What is urbanisation?
James Watt’s improvement to this machine helped power factories, trains, and ships.
What is the steam engine?
This group of workers protested against machines taking their jobs by smashing factory equipment.
Who were the Luddites?
This economic system, based on private ownership and profit, encouraged investment in industry.
What is capitalism?
He invented the seed drill, improving planting efficiency.
Who is Jethro Tull?
This financial innovation allowed investors to pool money and share profits, reducing risk in business ventures
What are joint-stock companies?
This invention used water power to spin cotton and was one of the earliest machines in textile factories.
What is the water frame?
This reformer worked to improve conditions for children and factory workers, especially through the Ten Hours Act.
Who is Lord Shaftesbury?
or
Who is Lord Ashley
Britain's colonial empire played this role in the Industrial Revolution.
What is providing raw materials and markets for goods?
This practice consolidated land into large farms, increasing productivity but displacing small farmers.
What is enclosure?
Children were employed in factories for this reason.
What is they were cheap labor and could fit into small spaces?
This invention enabled faster and widespread transport of goods and people across Britain.
What is the locomotive?
This reformer created model communities and believed in improving workers' lives through education and fair treatment.
Who is Robert Owen?
This aspect of Britain's government encouraged industrial growth.
What is political stability?
This British agronomist promoted the use of turnips as a key rotational crop to restore soil nutrients and improve livestock feed.
Who is Charles "Turnip" Townshend?
Many factory workers lived in these crowded buildings.
What are tenements?
This innovation allowed iron to be produced more efficiently and cheaply.
What is the blast furnace or Bessemer process?
This public health reformer wrote a famous report on the sanitary conditions of the working class in Britain.
Who is Edwin Chadwick?
These institutions provided loans and capital for industrial ventures.
What are banks and financial institutions?
This farming technique increased the size and productivity of animals.
What is selective breeding?
This disease spread rapidly in overcrowded cities due to poor sanitation.
What is cholera?
This machine revolutionized textile production by spinning multiple threads at once.
What is the Spinning Jenny?
his movement demanded political reforms including universal male suffrage and secret ballots.
Who were the Chartists?