KEY DEFINITIONS
The use of machines to do work once done by hand.
What is mechanization?
This revolution improved farming methods and increased food supply.
What is the Agrarian Revolution?
The system where goods were made by hand in homes. Pretty much ended with the Industrial Revolution.
What is the domestic system?
The business-owning class in Marxist theory.
What is the bourgeoisie?
The working conditions for most IR factory workers. (at least 2)
What are poor working conditions, long hours and low pay?
The movement of people from rural areas to cities.
What is urbanization?
A major result of increased food production in Britain.
What is population growth?
The system where machines produced goods in large buildings.
What is the factory system?
This author of The Wealth of Nations expressed his belief in lassiez-faire capitalism.
Who is Adam Smith?
Dirty air and water caused by burning coal.
What is pollution?
The period when machines and factories replaced hand production.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
Britain’s large supply of this natural resource powered factories.
What is coal?
One advantage of the factory system over the domestic system.
What is mass production of higher-quality goods?
An economic system where government controls major industries.
What is socialism?
Laws passed to improve factory conditions and protect workers.
What are reform movements?
An economic system where businesses are privately owned for profit.
What is capitalism?
Describe the connection between the Irish Potato Famine and lassiez-faire capitalism. (does not need to be answered in the form of a question)
Business owners did not work to help their laborers OR British government did little to help the suffering Irish, instead allowing businesses to do as they wished (many responses accepted)
The new class made up of professionals and business owners (bourgeoisie).
What is the middle class?
A radical system aiming for a classless society where the government would eventually "wither away".
What is communism?
Groups of workers demanding better treatment, pay, hours and working conditions.
What are unions?
The idea that government should not interfere in business.
What is laissez-faire?
Britain’s rivers, harbors, and island location helped with this.
What is transportation and trade?
The working class in Marxist theory.
What is the proletariat?
This economic thinker and philosopher called for a violent revolution of the proletariat to achieve a classless society.
Who is Karl Marx?
The report that exposed child labor abuses to British Parliament.
What is the Saddler Report?