Industrial Revolution
Define: THE DOMESTIC SYSTEM
Family work being done in the home by hand, very little machinery and automation was used
The fact that Britain had an abundance of this resource to use as fuel is one of the major reasons Industrialization became possible
Coal
Other than Japan, the largest Imperial Powers came from this continent
The name given to Region(s) in the world where a dominant country has significant control, either through agreements or force
Often times when colonies were not practical or necessary to set up
Spheres of Influence
This country in Africa managed to defeat Italy and maintain its independence throughout the "Scramble for Africa"
Abyssinia or modern day Ethiopia
Define: THE FACTORY SYSTEM
Workers from different areas sharing a common workspace in a factory, machinery and equipment is provided by the owner. More machinery and automation when compared to the domestic system
Prior to Industrialization, the domestic system took place here
The country or in Countryside Homes
"Cottage System"
This new age of Imperialism occurred during which time frame?
Mid-Late 19th and early 20th centuries
(Mid 1800s - Early 1900s)
The development of this new weapon proved to be essential in European powers imperializing the interior of Africa
The Maxim Machine Gun
By the end of the "Scramble for Africa" approximately how much of Africa was split up amongst European countries?
roughly 90% of Africa was split amongst 7 European countries
Men
This countries' mills and factories were modeled directly after the British, they also had great access to raw materials such as Cotton within their own borders, like the British did
United States
Major country in Asia that was under control of the British East India Company, then the direct control of British Parliament, before finally achieving their independence in 1947
India
Identify and discuss the major issue with the Berlin Conference
No African countries were present at a meeting on how to properly divide Africa... not only showed how little Europeans thought of these areas and their people but led to conflicts as new boundaries did not always match with the various cultures found in Africa
Describe 2 of the negative effects that came with Urbanization
1. Living conditions for workers were terrible, overcrowded and dirty living arrangements led to a great spread of disease
2. No regulation meant smoke filled air, chemicals and waste polluted rivers, lakes, and coastal areas
The main reason why children had no choice but to work rather than attend school or be a kid during the Industrial Revolution
Income was so low for working class families that all members, including the children, had to work and earn any wage possible
Identify 3 key differences between the Domestic and Factory System
1. Domestic done in countryside / Factory done in factories in urban centers
2. Domestic system workers did ALL parts / Factory system workers tended to do specific parts of the process
3. Domestic system workers had no supervision, hours they had to work, or rules / Factory system workers had supervisors, hourly days, and rules/regulations
4. Factory system was generally more productive and efficient than the Domestic system
Discuss the reason the Suez Canal (and control of nearby Egypt) was so important to European Powers during the Scramble for Africa
It provided a much quicker sea route to Asia
These 3 reasons are why Imperialism in Africa took so long to occur
1. Hostile Natives
2. Tropical diseases that affected Europeans
3. Very few navigable rivers into the interior of the continent
This country in Europe was forced to import its Coal from Britain and Belgium due to a lack of the resource within its own borders
France
Term used to describe the migration of people out of the countryside into the city to be closer to work and other opportunities
Urbanization
Identify the 4 major Factors (causes) of Industrialization
1. Labor
2. Access to Raw Materials
3. Capital ($$$)
4. Transportation (Access to the Sea and Rivers)
Identify AND be able to Explain the 3 major Factors (causes) of Imperialism
1. Industrialization - Industrialized countries had more power, wealth, and better technology making it easier for them to imperialize other places. New places also provided raw materials and access to new markets
2. Nationalism - Loyalty and the desire for one's country to be the best. Influence and prestige were gained through conquering other places
3. White Man's Burden - European powers viewed themselves as superior and it was their responsibility to provide civilization to under developed "savage" countries
Discuss the difference between Formal/Direct Political Imperialism and more the Informal/Indirect Economic Imperialism
Formal Political Imperialism includes direct rule and occupation of a country by a stronger one (ex. Britain in India)
Informal Economic Imperialism still has pressure and influence over a country, without physically conquering and occupying that country (Ex. Britain in Argentina and Latin America)
Discuss
1 positive effect of Imperialism
1 negative effect of Imperialism
Positive: Imperialism improved infrastructure in less developed countries they had influence in. Imperialism also led to a decline in slavery as the mindset regarding this practice shifted in Europe, all Western nations had abolished it by 1888
Negative: Imperialism often caused unnecessary and brutal amounts of death and loss of native/indigenous culture throughout the globe