Inventions & Machines
These were built to connect the country and move heavy goods very fast across land.
What are railroads (or trains)?
Factories hired these people because they were small, cheap, and could fix broken machines easily.
Who are children (or child laborers)?
The region of the US known for factories and industry.
What is the North?
The movement of people from farms to cities.
What is urbanization?
A place where goods are made by machines.
What is a factory?
This technology allowed factories to be built away from rivers and powered trains
What is steam power (or the steam engine)?
The typical number of hours a factory worker worked in a day.
What is 12 to 16 hours?
The region of the US known for large plantations and agriculture.
What is the South?
The main source of energy that made the air in cities black and smoky.
What is coal?
The industry of making cloth or fabric.
What is textile?
This invention allowed people to send messages instantly over long wires.
What is the telegraph?
This organization is formed by workers to demand better pay and safety.
What is a Labor Union?
The Cotton Gin made growing cotton profitable, which increased the demand for this.
What is slavery (or enslaved labor)?
Because there was no indoor plumbing, this was often found in the streets.
What is garbage (or sewage/waste)?
Dirty substances in the air or water.
What is pollution?
This machine by Eli Whitney separated seeds from cotton quickly.
What is the Cotton Gin?
This happens when workers stop working to force the owners to improve conditions.
What is a strike?
Northern textile mills turned cotton into this product.
What is cloth (or textiles/clothing)?
Crowded and dirty conditions caused these illnesses, to spread fast.
What is cholera or typhoid?
Money paid to a worker for their time.
What are wages?
Before electricity, this burned in lamps to light up homes and streets.
What is oil (or kerosene)?
Many workers lost these body parts because machines had no safety guards.
What are fingers (or arms/limbs)?
Although slavery was illegal in the North, the Northern economy depended on this Southern crop.
What is cotton?
These were crowded, dark apartment buildings where poor workers lived.
What are tenements?
Producing a lot of goods very quickly and cheaply.
What is mass production?