Industry
This nation is considered the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution.
What is Great Britain?
The movement of people from farms to cities, often resulting in overcrowded living conditions.
What is Urbanization?
The author of The Wealth of Nations who is considered the key thinker behind Capitalism.
Who is Adam Smith?
These are organized groups of workers who unite to improve conditions like wages and safety.
What are Labor Unions?
A fungus known as "blight" destroyed this specific crop, causing mass starvation in Ireland.
What is the potato?
Before factories, this "revolution" changed farming methods with inventions like the seed drill and crop rotation.
What is the Agricultural Revolution?
Factory owners often hired this group of workers because they could be paid less and fit into small spaces, despite the danger.
Who are children (or Child Labor)?
A French term meaning "hands off," referring to the belief that the government should not interfere in the economy.
What is Laissez-faire?
What were the goals of Reform movements?
What are solve societal problems?
A major effect of the Irish Potato Famine was the mass migration of millions, many of whom moved to this country.
What is the United States?
Two critical natural resources that were used for fuel and building machines.
What are Coal and Iron?
These were the crowded, unsanitary apartment buildings where many working-class families lived in industrial cities.
What are tenements?
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote this famous document arguing that history is a class struggle.
What is The Communist Manifesto?
This movement aimed to expand the right to vote to all men, and eventually women, so workers could influence laws.
What is Suffrage?
Emperor Meiji took power in Japan with the specific goal of doing this to avoid being conquered by Europeans.
What is Modernize (or Westernize)?
This legal process involved fencing off common lands, which increased food production but hurt poor farmers.
What is the Enclosure Movement?
Industrialization created a distinct gap and tension between the Working Class and this newly rising class.
What is the Middle Class?
In Communist theory, these are the two opposing groups in the class struggle.
Who are the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat?
Government investigations and laws, such as the Sadler Report and these Acts, were passed to limit child labor.
What are the Factory Acts?
This American Commodore arrived in Japan, forcing the country to open its ports to trade.
Who is Matthew Perry?
The shift from making goods by hand at home to mass production by machines is described as a move from the "Domestic System" to this system.
What is the Factory System?
Identify two specific dangerous working conditions faced by factory workers daily.
What are long hours, low wages, or dangerous machinery?
While Capitalists believe the market is regulated by supply and demand, Communists believe this entity should own all property and means of production.
What is the Government (or the Community)?
A primary tool used by unions to pressure owners into meeting their demands by refusing to work.
What is a Strike?
During the Great Hunger, the British government refused to intervene significantly due to their belief in this economic policy.
What is Laissez-faire?