Beginning of the IR
What were the two main mineral resources that fueled industrial growth
Coal and Iron
Name any invention we talked about in class
Steam engine, steamboat, trains, power loom, cotton gin, seed drill etc.
Describe what conditions were like for factory workers in the early industrial revolution
Dangerous, long hours, harsh, dirty, unsanatized, no safety protocls etc.
an economic system in which people privately own and control property with the motive to make a profit which is determined by the supply and demand of markets
Capitalism
was a period of time beginning in the late 1700s that was based on the changing of economies from being focused on agriculture to factory production and manufactured goods
The Industrial Revolution
This country was seen as being the first to industrialize
Great Britain/England
refers to a period of time in which goods for sale were produced on a very small scale, usually in a home
Cottage Industry
How many hours a day did people typically work during the industrial revolution?
12-14 hours a day
a socioeconomic order based on the common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes
Communism
a time of unprecedented increases in food production due to new farming techniques and methods
Agricultural Revolution
Give one example on how the Agricultural Revolution casused the industrial revolution
More food meant more people could eat, better farming techniques meant less farmers were needed, the enclosure acts force small farms and poor peasants into cities
This invention helped the industrial revolution grow rapiadly and replaced water powered machines and mills they were eventually put on boats and trains
The Steam Engine
Urbanization led to problems like
Unsafe living conditions, cramped living, tenemants, disease, poverty
This philosopher came up with the fundemental ideas of capitalism/economcis
Adam Smith
a British land reform that ended common property and enforced the “enclosure” of land and created private land and farms
Enclosure Act of 1773
Agricultural Revolution, Mining of Minerals, New Inventions/Inovations, Emergence of Capitalism
Give one example on how the Factory System changed society
Factories created a high demand for jobs, replaced the cottage industry, Factories forced people to stay in cities, Produced more goods at a faster rate and more effecient rate
In reaction to the unsafe and low paying jobs ______________s were formed to fight for their own rights and interests
Labor Unions
Some of Adam Smiths ideas included
Lassie Farie, suppy and demand, competition, self interest
the process through which rural communities grow into cities, and higher and higher percentages of the population come to live in the city
Urbanization
Give one example on how new inventions caused the industrial revolution
New inventions made producing goods faster and more effecient, inventions led to new inventions and inovations, inventions changed how work was done and created a demand for a new type of labor, inventions created a demand for coal and iron
This person is credited for not inventing the steam engine but greatly improving it
James Watt
What was the purpose of Labor Unions?
Unions fought for workers rights like, better working conditions, higher pay, and better hours
This philosopher came up with the ideas behind Communism and was against the ideas of capitalism
Karl Marx
the development of centralized factories or mills that produced goods on a mass scale
Factory System