Agrarian Revolution
What is the Agrarian Revolution?
A period of agricultural improvement that led to increased food production.
What natural resource was essential for powering steam engines during the Industrial Revolution?
Coal.
What is capitalism?
An economic system where businesses are privately owned and operated for profit.
Who is considered the main founder of communist theory?
Karl Marx.
What is socialism?
An economic system where the government or the community owns and controls the means of production to promote equality.
What was one effect of the Agrarian Revolution on people's jobs and lifestyles?
Many people moved from rural areas to cities to find work, as fewer jobs were needed on farms.
What geographical advantage did Britain have that helped it industrialize first?
Britain had many rivers and ports, which made transportation of goods and raw materials easier.
Who is known as the "father of capitalism" for writing The Wealth of Nations?
Adam Smith.
What economic system does communism aim to replace, according to Karl Marx?
Capitalism.
In socialism, who typically controls major industries like healthcare and transportation?
The government or the public sector.
Which invention by Jethro Tull helped plant seeds in organized rows, making farming more efficient?
The seed drill.
What was one reason Britain was the first country to industrialize?
Britain had access to natural resources like coal and iron, along with a strong banking system.
In a capitalist economy, what drives businesses to improve their products and lower their prices?
Competition.
In a communist system, who owns the means of production?
The community or the state, with no private ownership.
What is a common goal of socialism related to social welfare?
To provide public services like healthcare, education, and social security to all citizens.
How did the Agrarian Revolution contribute to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?
The Agrarian Revolution increased food production and freed up labor, leading to population growth and more people available to work in factories.
How did the Agrarian Revolution contribute to the start of the Industrial Revolution?
It increased food production, leading to population growth and more available workers for factories.
In capitalism, what is the term for the amount of money left after all costs of production have been paid?
Profit.
What is the ultimate goal of communism according to Karl Marx?
To create a classless society where wealth and power are distributed equally.
Which political ideology is often seen as a middle ground between capitalism and communism?
Socialism.
What effect did the Agrarian Revolution have on population growth?
It led to population growth because increased food production supported more people.
What transportation improvement made it easier to move raw materials and goods during the Industrial Revolution?
The development of railroads and steam engines.
What is one major criticism of capitalism related to social inequality?
It can lead to a wide gap between the rich and the poor, as wealth and resources may become concentrated in the hands of a few.
What term did Karl Marx use to describe the working class that would rise up against the bourgeoisie?
The proletariat.
Why does socialism want the government to control important things like healthcare, energy, and transportation?
To make sure everyone can use these services, no matter how much money they have, and to create fairness for all people.