I like trains
What is the name given to the train line that went from California --> East Coast
Transcontinental Railroad
Who was Andrew Carnegie, and what industry made him wealthy?
Carnegie was a ruthless business man in the steel industry.
Who invented the Pullman car?
George Pullman, Illinois Native
True or false: Workers compensation was created in the early 1890s to pay for workplace injuries.
False! If you got hurt, you got fired.
Where is Ellis Island located?
New York Harbor, near the statue of liberty.
What is a Pullman car?
A luxury passenger train car.
What is a holding company?
A business that did not actually buy or sell goods, but instead bought and sold other companies stocks.
What monopoly did John D. Rockefeller control?
Oil / Standard Oil Company
Why did wages fail to keep up with the cost of living?
Business owners kept wages low to maximize profit, and at the same time prices are rising for rent, groceries, and utilities (cost of living)
Where is Angel Island located?
San Francisco Bay, near the golden gate bridge.
Which industries benefitted the most from the railroad boom?
Lumber, steel, iron, coal, and oil. *Need at least 2 for credit*
What is vertical integration?
Businesses buying up the supply chain in their industry to have full control over it.
What is horizontal integration?
Businesses buying up other competing businesses within their industry to control prices and the market.
What is collective bargaining?
Labor unions negotiating with companies for better wages and working conditions so the workers don't have to.
What is nativism?
The belief that "Native-born Americans" are better than immigrant groups coming into the country.
What were Granger laws?
Laws setting maximum amounts that railroads could charge people to ship or ride.
How did Social Darwinism justify the wealth of industrialists?
Robber Barons believed they were the "fittest" due to their money, and they would be the ones to survive through time.
What is a trust agreement?
An agreement to buy another company, but then to give them a share of stock to keep them as shareholders in the business.
What percentage of boys under the age of 15 worked a full time job during this time period?
20%. Some being as young as 5.
How did immigration contribute to urban growth and industrialization?
Millions of immigrants had to go to the cities in order to get a job, and for the cheap living arrangements they can find. Both cities and factories had to expand accordingly.
What was the Interstate Commerce Act designed to do?
Regulate interstate commerce, specifically the railroads, to stop discriminatory practices and ensure fair trade for all.
Why was U.S. Steel historically significant?
U.S. steel purchased Carnegie Steel for $480 million, the largest business sale in history (at the time). This made U.S. Steel the largest business in the world and the first billion dollar company.
What was the Sherman Antitrust Act intended to do?
It was intended to prevent monopolies and promote fair competition in the U.S. economy by banning monopolistic business tactics.
What happened at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, and why was it significant?
A fire started and destroyed most of the factory and killed majority of the female workers inside. It made national news, and eventually led to safer working conditions in factories.
What Political Machine Scandal in NYC proved the graft and corruption of the time period?
Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring Scandal.