Economics
A system in which the government owns and controls the means of production
Socialism
Definition: City building and the movement of people to cities.
Urbanization
This natural resource, in ample supply in England powered steam engines.
coal
What country was the first to industrialize?
Great Britain
Who is credited with popularizing the use of the assembly line in automobile manufacturing?
Henry Ford
A classless society in which all wealth & property belongs to the community.
Communism
What is the definition of standard of living?
The level of wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class or geographic area.
What social classes emerged during the Industrial Revolution?
Middle Class and Working Class
Double Points: What are these two classes called in communism?
This industry was the first to use factories.
the textile industry
Who helped improve public health by creating and using the first rabies vaccine effectively
Louis Pasteur
What were the four factors of production required to drive the industrial revolution?
Land, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship
List two of the poor working and living conditions that many suffered moving into cities and working in factories.
Long Hours; Low Wages; Dangerous Working Conditions, Child Labor, etc.
A __________ is a group of workers fighting for reforms (changes) in the workplace for their wages and working conditions
Union
What is a benefit of mass production?
Goods being cheaper, more jobs
Flying shuttle
Spinning jenny
Water Frame
Cotton Gin
Power Loom
John Kay James Hargreaves Richard Arkwright Eli Whitney Edmund Cartwright
How did the Industrial Revolution impact traditional economic practices throughout Europe?
It led to the decline of small-scale cottage industries.
To solve the lack of space to build new homes in cities, ___________ houses swere built to fit many people under the same roof.
Tenement
Name two negative effects of industrialization.
Pollution, crime, disease, over crowding, tenements, poor living conditions, poor sanitation
What invention dramatically increased coal production in 18th-century Great Britain?
The steam engine
What was the primary impact of Edmund Cartwright’s invention of the water-powered loom in the late 18th century?
It revolutionized the textile industry by increasing production efficiency.
How did Industrial Revolution contribute to the growth of the working class, and were some of the key social changes that resulted from this growth?
The Industrial Revolution created many factory jobs, leading to the growth of the working class and the development of labor unions, which fought for workers' rights and better working conditions.
How did the Industrial Revolution impact child labor and children's lives?
The Industrial Revolution led to an increased demand for child labor in factories, resulting in long working hours, harsh conditions, and limited access to education for many children.
How did the Industrial Revolution affect the role of women in the workforce?
Women entered the workforce in large numbers, often working in factories under challenging conditions for lower wages than men.
What was the enclosure movement?
The Enclosure Movement was a historical process in England where common lands, previously used by many for farming and grazing, were fenced off into privately owned, consolidated fields, shifting from communal to private ownership.
How did James Watt’s improvements to the steam engine contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
By improving efficiency, enabling widespread use in factories and transportation.