Industrial Revolution 1
What country was the first to industrialize?
Great Britain
Definition: City building and the movement of people to cities.
Urbanization
This natural resource, in ample supply in England powered steam engines.
What is coal?
An entrepreneur is a type of...
a.scientist.
b.aristocrat.
c.business person.
d.personal secretary.
What is business person?
What was one environmental consequence of the Industrial Revolution?
Widespread deforestation and pollution.
Before industrialization, what were the main sources of power used by farmers and herders to produce food?
The physical labor of humans and animals
What invention dramatically increased coal production in 18th-century Great Britain?
The steam engine
What is the textile industry?
Economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned.
Capitalism
Individuals that spent their time in mills working, laborers, were part of this class in society.
Working Class
Were the three factors of production required to drive the industrial revolution?
What are Land, Labor, and Capital?
He Invented the Cotton Gin
Who was Eli Whitney?
The money used to invest in a business or technology.
What is capital?
What was the main cause of urbanization in 19th-century Britain?
Industrialization
A form of complete Socialism in which all means of production is owned by the people is called...
Communism
Name two negative effects of industrialization.
Pollution, crime, disease, over crowding, tenements, poor living conditions, poor sanitation
List two of the poor working and living conditions that many suffered moving into cities and working in factories.
Long Hours; Low Wages; Dangerous Working Conditions, Child Labor, etc.
By the late 1700s, the best place to find a water frame and a spinning mule was in...
What is a factory?
What invention revolutionized the textile industry during the Industrial Revolution?
the spinning mule
People eventually began to take action based off socialist theories to organize and promote reform. List any two things they did.
Strike, collective bargaining, slaves fought for freedom; Women fight for equality; Education for Children
What mechanism revolutionized metalurgy?
The steam hammer
The main cause of the process of urbanization that occurred in 19th-century Britain and elsewhere in western Europe?
What is Industrialization?
Llegistlation was passed that changed what two major aspects of factory work?
Child labor and working hours
Definition: Economic policy that lets owners of industry and business set working conditions without interference.
What is the laissez-faire?
What was the name given to the upper classes that owned the means of production?
The bourgeoisie
By turning a single large wheel on this machine, the operator could spin eight or more cotton threads, making cotton production quicker and cheaper
spinning Jenny
What economic system did Karl Marx promote as a response to industrial inequalities?
Socialism
The steam engine
Who defended the free-market system of capitalism in the book, The Wealth of Nations?
Who is Adam Smith?
Definition: In this economic system the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
What is Socialism?
Refuse to work.
What is Strike?
Is the name for the voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms.
What is Unions?
Definition: Social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers.
What is Middle Class?
What is one way industrialization workers/labour rights?
Discontent worker formed trade unions to advocated for better working conditions
What were the first 4 countries to industrialize?
Britain, France, Germany and the United States?
Definition: Process of developing machine production or goods.
What is Industrialization?
What was the phenomena that is described by many people leaving rural areas to look for work in the cities?
rural exodus
The increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th-century.
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What is one of the most significant changes in transportation that occurred during the Industrial Revolution?
The development of railroads and steam-powered ships.