Industrial Revolution
What was the Industrial Revolution in simple terms?
A switch from the cottage industry and agriculture to mass produced & machine made goods.
Loyalty and devotion to, and patriotism, to one's country.
What is Nationalism?
Name of the conflicts between Britain and China where the British flooded the Chinese market with opium
The Opium Wars
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
What are 2 reasons the Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain?
Abundant natural resources like coal and iron
Good banking system for investment
Lots of rivers for water power
Good climate for textiles
No war fought on their land in recent years
The Industrial Revolution began in this country.
What is Britain?
The idea that white Europeans had a duty to improve the lives of people living in colonial lands.
What is White Man's Burden?
What term describes America's desire to trade with China but NOT to form colonies there?
Open Door Policy
Inventer of the Bessemer steel process
Henry Bessemer
What was the "Jewel in the British Crown"
What is India?
The first industry that began during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.
What is the Textile Industry?
Theory based on “survival of the fittest”: the idea that certain people become powerful because they are innately better. Used to justify racism, colonialism.
What is Social Darwinism?
A mutiny fought by Indian soldiers against British rule in India in the mid 1800ś.
Sepoy Rebellion
Who invented the steam engine
James Watt
Name 2 negative effects of the Industrial Revolutioin
What are Air and water pollution, crowded and unsafe living conditions, unsafe conditions in factories and work places, long working hours for low pay *HINT: STUDY POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS*
What did James Hargreaves invent?
The spinning jenny
What is Indirect Rule and an example
A system of government of one nation by another where local chiefs keep most administrative and legal powers, but the 'mother' country controls certain products. Example: British in India before the Raj
The main reason industrialized nations wanted to imperialize non-industrialized nations was to
gain raw materials
Queen of England 1837-1901, during part of the Industrial Revolution and British Raj.
Queen Victoria
What was an advantage of the steam engine?
This machine allowed factories to be built anywhere, powered by coal.
What new types of banking and trading helped give people money to spend in Great Britain?
Private banking and a new credit system
What is direct rule and an example
Where the colonizing power directly controls the administration of a territory. Example: the British Raj (after the Sepoy Mutiny), France in Cameroon.
Which countries were the only two African countries to remain independent during the Scramble for Africa?
Ethiopia and Liberia
Name of Belgium king who oversaw the Congo and the brutal tactics against the people to extract resources
Who is King Leopold
What was the Berlin Conference
A meeting of European colonial powers to divide Africa among themselves