Causes
This natural resource, which was found in abundance in Great Britain helped kick off the Industrial Era.
What is Coal?
He invented the light bulb, changing how people lit their homes and workplaces.
Who is Thomas Edison?
During the Industrial Revolution, many women found employment in this type of factory, operating machines that spun and wove cloth.
What are Textile Factories?
This group of early 19th-century English workers protested against industrial machinery by destroying machines, fearing job loss.
Who were the Luddites?
This British city was known as the world’s first major industrial city during the Industrial Revolution.
What is Manchester?
This major change in farming techniques during the 1700s increased food production and led to population growth.
What is The Agricultural Revolution?
Alexander Graham Bell invented this in 1876.
What is the Telephone?
Workers often lived in these quickly built, cramped housing units near factories, which lacked proper sewage and clean water.
What are Tenements?
This 1830s-40s movement demanded political reforms such as universal male suffrage and payment of Parliamentary members.
What is the Chartist Movement?
This international exhibition held in London in 1851 showcased the industrial achievements of Great Britain.
What is the Great Exhibition?
Supported in Adam Smith’s “Wealth of Nations,“ this economic system, based on private ownership and profit, helped fund new inventions and factories.
What is Capitalism?
He created the first assembly line to make cars faster and cheaper.
Who is Henry Ford?
In coal mines, this job was assigned to children who had to sit alone in dark, cramped spaces for hours, opening and closing ventilation doors to control airflow.
What is a ”Trapper”?
Written as a response to the Industrial Revolution, this book aimed to challenge capitalism and advocate for the abolition of industrial exploitation.
What is the Communist Manifesto?
This economic theory supports minimal government interference and was popular during the Industrial Revolution.
What is Laissez- Faire Economics?
This global factor gave Great Britain access to more raw materials and markets.
What are Colonies/ Global Empire?
This invention, used to send messages in Morse code, helped improve communication during the 1800s.
What is the Telegraph?
In 1842, women and children were prohibited from working in Coal Mines due to this piece of legislature
What is The Mines Act of 1842
This 19th-century reformer advocated for better working conditions and co-founded the first trade unions.
Who is Robert Owen?
This art movement, emerging as a reaction to industrialization’s harsh realities, emphasized emotion and nature over industrial progress.
What is Romanticism?
This land reform practice in Great Britain allowed wealthy landowners to fence off common lands, forcing small farmers to move to cities, creating a new industrial labor force.
What is the Enclosure Movement?
He invented a method to make steel cheaper and stronger, which helped build buildings, bridges, and machines.
Who is Henry Bessemer?
This term describes the system where orphaned children from workhouses were “apprenticed” to factories or mines, providing cheap labor but often facing harsh treatment.
What are Pauper Apprentices?
This 19th-century movement aimed to improve workers’ conditions by promoting self-help, education, and mutual aid, influencing later cooperative societies.
What is the Friendly Society Movement?
This economic theory warned that population growth would outpace food production, leading to widespread poverty.
What is Malthusian Theory of Economics?