Developmental Stages
What is the first period of human development according to Jean Piaget?
Sensorimotor stage
In which parenting style do children participate in decisions that affect their lives?
Democratic parenting
Who proposed that children go through four stages of cognitive development?
Jean Piaget
What theory suggests that children are born with the ability to acquire language?
The nativist theory (innate theory)
Who emphasized that cultural differences impact all stages of a child's development?
Lev Vygotsky
a concept from developmental psychology that refers to an infant's understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible
Object Permanence
What is the parenting style where children are most likely encouraged to gradually assume responsibility as they mature?
Authoritative parenting
What type of speech involves leaving words out but the meaning is still clear?
Telegraphic speech
At what stage do children typically experience "telegraphic speech"?
18-24 months
According to Erik Erikson, if a child is consistently praised for learning new skills, what will they develop?
Autonomy
Which of Piaget’s concepts involves applying an existing schema to a new object?
Assimilation
Which parenting style involves very few rules and expectations?
Permissive parenting
What is the term for a child’s inability to see things from another’s point of view?
Egocentric thinking
At what age do children typically begin to put words together in short phrases, like “More juice”?
2 years
What did Sigmund Freud believe children are born with?
Both sexual and aggressive urges
According to Piaget, why can't an 8-year-old understand algebra?
They have not reached the formal operations stage needed for abstract thinking.
How does the democratic parenting style differ from the authoritative style?
Democratic is strict with little flexibility, while authoritative allows input from children.
According to Piaget, what is the process called when children adjust schemas to fit new information?
Accommodation
What is the critical period hypothesis in language development?
The theory that there is a specific time frame in early life when the human brain is most receptive to learning language.
What is the term for an infant’s automatic, coordinated movement patterns?
Reflexes
What age range is crucial for forming close and long-term attachments to caregivers?
6 months to 3 years
Name a parenting style that can lead to children feeling neglected or uninvolved.
Uninvolved parenting
What is a major criticism of Piaget’s theory?
Some psychologists believe Piaget underestimated infants' abilities.
Schemas change through
assimilation and accommodation as new information is acquired.
What stage, according to Freud, focuses on the development of social and interpersonal skills?
Latency stage