Physical + Brain Growth
At birth, the brain is about ___% of its adult weight.
25%
This sensory ability is the most developed at birth.
Hearing
Knowledge that something exists even when out of sight.
Object Permanence
Erikson’s toddler stage focuses on developing this sense of self.
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Harlow’s monkeys preferred this over food.
Comfort
By age 2, the brain reaches about ___% of adult weight.
75%
This reflex helps infants find the nipple for feeding.
Rooting reflex
Piaget’s term for mental representations used to understand the world.
Schemas
What early social milestone appears when babies smile in response to caregivers?
Social smiling
Ainsworth’s Strange Situation tests this construct.
Attachment Style
This fatty substance protects axons and speeds neural transmission.
Myelin/Myelination
What fine motor skill appears when a baby can intentionally reach out and grab a toy?
Voluntary grasping
This process involves reorganizing existing knowledge to fit new information.
Accommodation
What behavior shows a baby can distinguish familiar from unfamiliar people?
Stranger wariness
What attachment style is linked to caregivers who behave unpredictably, causing the child to show inconsistent emotional responses?
Disorganized attachment
This process eliminates unused neural connections.
Pruning
What fine motor milestone appears when babies begin using their thumb and forefinger together?
Pincer grasp
What cognitive milestone appears when toddlers begin using objects to represent something else, like pretending a block is a phone?
Symbolic play
What test demonstrates emerging self‑awareness around 15–24 months by observing whether a child touches a mark on their own face rather than the mirror?
Rouge Test
This attachment style involves clinging + rejecting comfort.
Insecure‑resistant/ambivalent
What is the term for the rapid increase in dendritic connections.
Transient exuberance
What two directional principles describe the pattern of motor development?
Cephalocaudal and proximodistal
What sensorimotor achievement appears when infants intentionally repeat actions that produce interesting results?
Secondary circular reactions
What does it mean for a child to understand “I,” “me,” and “mine”?
Emerging self-concept/self-awareness
Chess & Thomas described this model for matching parenting to temperament.
Goodness‑of‑fit