5 cent words
prosodic features
infants ability to react to the intensity/loudness of sounds, hear intonation/stress, duration of sounds, and pitch of sounds.
switch task
a type of research that assesses an infants ability to notice changes when a task is switched; e.g., present a picture of an apple, say apple, present a picture of a apple, say orange.
early talker
has about 475 works at 21 months, and between 11-21 months scores in the top 10% for vocab production
IDS
adults speak to infants differently from children.
plays peek a boo
during an infants' development, this may be seen around 7 months to 1 year
speech perception
the ability of the infant before he/she is able to speak to listen attentively to sounds.
habituation
presents the same stimulus repeatedly to an infant
late talker
produces fewer than 50 words by the age of 2
STARK
Stark Assessment of Early Vocal Development looked at the sequential pattern of early vocalizations; includes reflexive (crying, burping), control of phonation (cooing and going sounds), expansion, (3-8 months, vocal glides /eeey/, basic canonical syllables (babbling), and advanced forms (jargon)
pays attention to music, laughs
during a child's development, this may be seen around 4-6 months of age.
categorical formation
the ability to form categories by grouping items/events according to perceptual and conceptual features that they share.
dishabituation
describes the infants renewed interested in a stimulus according to some predetermined threshold
dipthongs, jargon
advanced forms of early vocalizations
REEL
a screening tool completed by caregivers that assesses infants' developmental milestones;
Receptive Expressive Emergent Language Scale
knows a few body parts, uses two words together, "more cookie", points to pictures when named in a book
most often seen at 1-2 years of age as a child develops.
phonotactic regularities
infants learn combinations of sounds and that /ps/ as in /maps/ is always at end of syllable, while /h/ as in happy is at the beginning of a syllable.
two kinds of neuroimaging
event related potential and fMRI
reflexive sounds
occur from 0-2 months include sounds of distress (crying, fussing) and vegetative sounds like burping, coughing, and sneezing.
consonant vowel combinations which start to emerge around 5-10 months, e.g., /ba/, /goo/.
uses language for social purposes
expressive language learners use language in this way.
naturalistic observation
observing a child in his/her everyday environment to assess language development; e.g., at home with family
Mac-Arthur Bates
REEL (Receptive Expressive Emergent Language Scale)
jargon
a special type of babbling that contains at least two syllables and at least two different consonants and vowels, as well as varied stress or intonation patterns.
CDS
child directed speech; adults speak differently to infants then to children.
referential uses of language
use language to refer to people or objects