The importance of the Infant and Toddler Years
A baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age.
What is an infant?
A parenting style where parents are highly responsive but seldom demand mature behavior from their child, depending instead on the child's self-regulation.
Who are indulgent (or permissive parents)?
Explanations of information, observations, and life experiences.
What are theories?
The first trimester of __________ is marked by rapid cell division and differentiation as cells become skin cells, muscle cells, brain cells, and so forth. Internal organs and external features are formed.
What is gestation?
Development that occurs prior to birth.
What is prenatal development?
Parents that are demanding but responsive. They demand obedience to an extensive set of rules.
Who are authoritarian parents?
Bowlby and Ainsworth's ________ theory explained how young children develop different qualities of attachment with their primary caregivers.
What is attachment (theory)?
The ultrasound to hear fetal heartbeat.
What is the Doppler device?
Social, physical, emotional, cognitive, language (SPECL) learning
What are the 5 developmental domains?
Who are uninvolved parents?
This theory puts together all aspects of health, an understanding of the effects of stressful environments and interventions to relieve them, and the new information from science about neurobiology and epigenetics.
What is ecobiodevelopmental theory?
High-frequency sound waves to provide live-action picture fetus; track growth and development
Ultrasound
A child between 12 to 36 months.
What is a toddler?
Parents that are demanding and responsive. They hold high standards for their children but are supportive in their discipline.
Who are authoritarian parents?
This theory considers the effects of the family, community and society on the child. It is usually portrayed as a series of concentric circles emanating from the child.
What is the bioecological systems theory?
This is a key nutrient that the fetus needs to reduce the risk of birth defects that affect the spinal cord. Many grain-based foods have been fortified with _____.
What is folic acid?
The needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to learn and thrive?
What are irreducible needs?
This term is used to describe cultures that emphasize the importance of each person over the whole group.
What does Individualist cultures mean?
Erik Erikson, a psychologist who created a framework of stages to explain development from birth through adulthood, which he called........
What is the theory of psychosocial development?
Hormones secreted in response to positive or negative experiences give genes directions about whether to turn on or express themselves. This process is called ______________.
What is epigenetics?