Physical Development and Milestones
What is the earliest large-motor milestone most infants achieve?
Lifting their heads
What is “object permanence”?
Understanding that objects still exist even when out of sight.
Which term describes a baby crying when a caregiver leaves the room?
Seperation Anxiety
Which sense is LEAST developed at birth?
Sight
What is the ideal food for infants for the first 6 months?
Breastmilk or formula
What does “cephalocaudal development” mean?
Development from head to toe
Which type of language comes first: receptive or expressive?
Receptive Language
What is Erikson’s psychosocial stage for infants?
Trust vs. Mistrust
What bonding method involves holding the baby close with bare skin contact?
Skin to skin
At what age should solid foods be introduced?
Around 6 months
What type of motor skill is the pincer grasp?
Fine Motor Skill
Piaget placed infants in which stage of cognitive development?
The Sensorimotor Stage
What age does stranger anxiety commonly appear?
Aroound 6-9 months
Why does a newborn recognize their caregiver’s smell?
Smell is well-developed at birth and helps with bonding.
Why should new foods be introduced one at a time?
To check for allergies and intolerances
Put these in correct order: crawling, walking, rolling over.
Rolling over → Crawling → Walking.
Give one example of cognitive exploration during infancy.
Dropping objects repeatedly to see what happens.
Name one caregiver behavior that helps an infant develop trust.
Responding consistently, meeting needs, comforting, etc.
What three activities help strengthen bonding?
Reading, talking, singing
What feeding milestone typically happens around 12 months?
Eating table foods and beginning cow’s milk.
At about what age do most infants begin standing with support?
around 9 months
What major cognitive skill typically appears between 8–9 months and leads to separation anxiety?
Object Permanence
How does consistent caregiver response influence brain and emotional development?
It strengthens attachment and builds neural pathways that support emotional regulation.
Why is bonding important during the first year?
It builds trust, emotional security, and supports brain development.
Name two signs a baby is ready for solid foods.
Sitting with support, tongue-thrust reflex gone, interest in food, good head control.