s/sx
Nursing Interventions
Nursing Management
Vocab
miscellaneous
100
Child has rapidly increasing fever, flaring nostrils, circumoral cyanosis, chest retractions, pulse rate of 140-180 beats/minute, RR of 60-80 breaths/minute, and nonproductive cough. Child is experiencing....
What is pneumonia
100
For a child with pneumonia
What is the nurse should administer oxygen/cool-mist therapy, perform chest physiotherapy, assist with postural drainage, provide hydration, provide caregiver support, and administer antipyretics and antibiotics.
100
Nursing management for pneumonia would include:
What is assess lung sounds, monitor respiratory status, prevent further infection, and promote safety. Monitor hydration by accurate I&O measurement and assessment of skin turgor and anterior fontanel. Change the infant's position frequently to prevent both stasis of secretions in the lungs and secretion drainage into the eustachian tubes.
100
Myringotomy
What is surgical incision of the eardrum
100
What are the most common causative agents of otitis media in infants?
What are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moxarella catarrhalis
200
The child is experiencing tachypnea (70-120/min in children), retractions, grunting, crackles, pallor, cyanosis, slow capillary refill, hypothermia, peripheral edema, flaccid muscle tone, GI shutdown, jaundice, and acidosis
What is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
200
For a child with RDS, the nurse should...
What is administer surfactant through the endotracheal tube immediately at or soon after birth, administer continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to help keep lungs partially expanded until they begin producing surfactant
200
Nursing management for RDS would include:
What is closely monitor respirations, eliminate unnecessary physical stimulation and metabolic demands, establish a positive relationship with the caregivers. Place the infant in a warmer under an oxygen hood or with mechanical ventilation.
200
antipyretics
What is a drug used to reduce an abnormally high temperature
200
When would lecithin be measured, and what is done if it is insufficient?
What is lecithin (major component of surfactant) may be measured to determine lung maturity if preterm delivery is expected. If it is insufficient, the mother may be given the glucocorticosteroid betamethasone that crosses the placenta and causes the infant's lungs to produce surfactant within 72 hours.
300
A child is irritable, pulling at their ears, has diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and hearing loss. Upon inspection, the child's ear drum is red, bulging, and nonmobile. What does the child have?
What is otitis media
300
For otitis media, the nurse should:
What is assist with myringotomy (surgical incision of the eardrum to insert tympanoplasty tubes), administer antibiotics, antipyretics, and analgesics.
300
For otitis media, nursing management would include
What is relieving fever and pain, and teaching caregivers s/sx, management, and prevention of otitis media; prevention includes ensuring proper positioning during feeding. When bottle-fed, infants should be held with head slightly elevated to prevent formula from draining into the middle ear through the wide eustachian tube. Immunizations are also preventative, and smoke-free environment should be maintained.
300
stridor
What is a high-pitched, harsh sound
300
The leading cause of death in infants older than 1 month of age, peaking between 2-30 months of age
What is SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome
400
A child has inspiratory stridor, a "barking" cough, hoarseness, a persistent, low-grade fever, and a history of profuse nasal drainage with increased respiratory effort for several days. The child has:
What is laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), the most common type of croup
400
Nursing interventions for a child with LTB may include:
What is maintaining a patent airway and improving respiratory effort by creating a highly humid, cool-mist environment
400
Nursing management for LTB may include:
What is teaching caregivers how to monitor for s/sx of respiratory distress and ways to maintain high humidity and hydration, and not to give child red-colored drinks (to differentiate between food coloring or blood in stool or vomit). Care for hospitalized infant includes a mist hood or tent with oxygen and IV therapy. At home, monitoring for early s/sx of impending airway obstruction is paramount. Intubation equipment should be readily available at all times.
400
circumoral cyanosis
What is bluish discoloration surrounding the mouth
400
A diet for a child with CF would look like this
What is well-balanced, high-caloric diets because children with CF often absorb only 50% of ingested foods
500
A child has increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions, elevated sweat electrolytes, increased organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva, and abnormalities in ANS function. The earlier manifestations may include meconium ileus (impacted feces in the newborn, causing bowel obstruction), intussusception, rectal prolapse from difficulty passing thick, fatty stools, difficulty gaining and maintaining weight despite a voracious appetite, FTT, pulmonary complications due to inability to clear mucoid secretions, barrel chests, clubbed fingers, and caregivers may report their child tastes like salt when they kiss them. The child has:
What is cystic fibrosis
500
Nursing interventions for CF would include:
What is focus on managing pulmonary complications, ensuring adequate nutrition, and assisting the child and family in adapting to a chronic disorder. Chest physiotherapy (CPT, postural drainage) is usually performed 1-3x/day to maintain patent airways.
500
Nursing management for a child with CF would include:
What is monitor respiratory status, adventitious lung sounds, cough, stools, abdominal distension, and weight. Assess growth and development, hydration, and nutrition. Administer oxygen and medications as ordered. Encourage physical activity. Teach family skills needed to follow the prescribed therapeutic plan.
500
meconium ileus
What is impacted feces in the newborn, causing bowel obstruction
500
When/why should throat procedures be avoided?
They can cause laryngospasm and airway obstruction, so they should be avoided when children present with sx such as inspiratory stridor, a barking cough, or hoarseness.
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