Type of pathogen
What type of pathogen causes measles?
Virus
Which type of blood cell defends against pathogens?
White blood cells
When someone has been vaccinated against a disease, they are said to be ______ .
Immune / Immunised
Name an antibiotic
Penicillin
Why are drugs tested?
To check if they are safe and effective before use
What type of pathogen causes Salmonella?
Bacteria
Name a non-specific defense your body has against disease.
Skin, nose, trachea and bronchi, stomach
What is the purpose of vaccination?
To prevent future infection / lower risk from future infection
What do antibiotics do to bacteria?
Kill them
What are new drugs tested for?
Toxicity, dosage, efficacy (how well they work) and side-effects.
What type of pathogen causes athlete's foot?
Fungus
what does the body produce to defend against bacteria and viruses?
Antibodies
Vaccination involves introducing small quantities of ______ or _______ forms of a pathogen into the body
Dead or Inactive
What are painkillers used for?
Treating the symptoms of disease. They do not kill pathogens
Traditionally drugs were extracted from _____ and _________
Plants and micro-organisms
What type of pathogen causes gonorrhoea
Virus
What does the body do to combat toxins produced by pathogens?
It produces antitoxins
A vaccination will stimulate the white blood cells to produce ________ .
Antibodies
What are antibiotics used for?
Treating bacterial diseases
What is the name for the type of trial that occurs on cells/animals, before testing on patients?
Pre-clinical trials
What type of pathogen causes Malaria?
Protist
Name the process where an immune cell engulfs a pathogen.
Phagocytosis
How does vaccination prevent future infection?
If the same pathogen enters the body later on, the body is able to quickly produce antibodies
What issue has the increased use of antibiotics caused?
Antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogen
What is a placebo?