C-Difficile Infection
Proper hand hygiene when providing care for a CDI patient
soap, water and vigorous hand washing
What is an HAI? Give one example.
Hospital acquired infection or Hospital Associated Infection.
SSI, CLABSI, CAUTI, blood stream infections, C-Diff
The abbreviation for surgical site infection
SSI
HAP stands for ______-_______ _________
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
Isolation precaution you would place your CDI patient in
2 ways to prevent HAI's?
Hand hygiene, frequent sterile/clean dressing changes, changing IV tubing, patient education, antibiotic compliance, proper patient hygiene/washing
The Lab value you would look at that indicates that an infection is present
White Blood Cell count
~Anything greater then 10,000 mm3 is a sign of infection
Some risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia include...
Old age, smoking, exposure to toxins, malnutrition, poor oral health, chronic lung disease
Upon discharge, what disinfectant method is used to clean the patients room?
Ultraviolet Light
What is the most common HAI?
Pneumonia
25.8% according to 2015 survey
These risk factors include: alcohol use, smoking, glycemic control (people with diabetes), obesity, immunosuppressants medications
Modifiable
~Modifiable meaning able to change; life style choices. These risk factors are preventable, Patient teaching.
This class of medication is the primary course of treatment for pneumonia
Antibiotics
*Rationale: Pneumonia is typically a bacterial infection
The top risk factors for acquiring CDI are ____?
Antibiotic use and exposure to the organism
You're the nurse taking care of a patient that has an indwelling catheter. Which of these assessment findings leads you to believe that your patient has acquired an infection? (select all that apply)
Elevated Magnesium, Elevated WBC, Fever, Pale yellow urine, Confusion
Elevated WBC, Fever, Pale, Confusion
Elevated Mag has no correlation and Pale yellow urine is an expected finding
Is the flesh eating disease that occurs when bacteria enters through surgical sites
Necrotizing Fasciitis
~Most at risk are individuals with diabetes, immunocompromised or traumatic wounds
_______ is the standard diagnostic test to clinically diagnose pneumonia.
Two or more chest x-rays with at least one of the following: new or progressive infiltrates (pus, blood, protein), consolidation (when air in lungs is replaced with something else), or cavitation (empty space in lungs).
What medication is the first line of defense against C-Difficile?
Vancomycin PO
referred to our article, patients who were treated with vancomycin had a lower mortality rate.
Which of these patient's is most susceptible to HAI's?
2 hours post-op from knee surgery, Patient on a corticosteroid, 60 YOF patient admitted for an elective weight loss surgery, a patient with a well approximated surgical wound
Patient on corticosteroid
Corticosteroids suppress the immune system
For a confirmed SSI this is the initial course of treatment before antibiotics
Opening wound to allow infection to drain
~Quickest way for infection to exit the body, so the infection is not just sitting there, and gives a better chance for antibiotics to be most effective
The primary nurse lead intervention to prevent pneumonia in hospitalized patients is...
*Rationale: Early mobility is directly related to better outcomes in patients with pneumonia.