Scientific Knowledge Base
Defenses Against Infection
Health Care Associated Infection
Factors InfluencinInfection, Prevention and Control
Nursing Skills
100
If an infectious disease can be transmitted directly from one person to another, it is a/an
What is Communicable disease.
100
A patient has an indwelling urinary catheter. Why does an indwelling urinary catheter present a risk for urinary tract infection?
What is It obstructs the normal flushing action of urine flow.
100
A patient was hospitalized for surgical repair of a fractured hip. Her discharge was delayed because she developed a fever and respiratory distress. A chest x-ray confirmed left lower lobe pneumonia. Which type of infection best describes what this patient has? A. An iatrogenic infection. B. A healthcare-associated infection. C. A systemic infection. D. A local infection.
B. A healthcare-associated infection.
100
Who is at risk for acquiring infections from accidental needle-sticks?
Patients and health care personnel, including housekeepers and maintenance personnel.
100
Explain how to properly DOFF a PPE
1- Remove gloves 2- Remove eye wear 3- Untie waist and neck strings of gown 4- Allow gown to fall from shoulders and discard remove gown, roll it onto self with out touching the contaminated side. 5- Untie top, than bottom mask string and remove from face 6- Preform hand hygiene
200
Which is the most likely means of transmitting infection between patients? A. Exposure to another patient’s cough B. Sharing equipment among patients C. Disposing of soiled linen in a shared linen bag D. Contact with a health care worker’s hands
D. Contact with a health care worker’s hands
200
A patient’s surgical wound has become swollen, red, and tender. You note that the patient has a new fever and leukocytosis. What is the best immediate intervention?
What is Reassure the patient and recheck the wound later.
200
Which of the following patients are at risk for developing an infection? (Select all that apply.) A. A patient receiving chemotherapy. B. A patient who has an early discharge from the hospital. C. A patient in a private room. D. A patient with an IV. E. A patient receiving broad spectrum antibiotics. Correct F. A patient with a chronic respiratory disease receiving steroid therapy.
A. A patient receiving chemotherapy. D. A patient with an IV. F. A patient with a chronic respiratory disease receiving steroid therapy.
200
Where must the nurse keep his/ her hand while performing a surgical hand asepsis?
Above elbow
200
The order of putting on the personal protective equipment? Arranged in appropriate order.
1-hand hygiene 2-gown 3-mask 4-eyewear 4-gloves
300
Identify the interval when a patient progresses from nonspecific signs to manifesting signs and symptoms specific to a type of infection.
what is Prodromal stage
300
The nurse has redressed a patient’s wound and now plans to administer a medication to the patient. Which is the correct infection control procedure?
What is Remove gloves and perform hand hygiene before administering the medication.
300
What are the differences between iatrogenic, exogenous, and endogenous
Iatrogenic: Is a type of Health Care Associated Infection from a therapeutic or diagnostic procedure. Exogenous: another type of HAI that comes from microorganisms found outside the individual. They do not exist as normal floras. Endogenous: another type of HAI, occurs when part of the patient's flora become altered and overgrowth results.
300
A patient has an indwelling urinary catheter. Why does the indwelling catheter present a risk for urinary track infection?
It obstructs the normal flushing action of urine flow
300
The nurse is preparing a sterile field. The nurse opens the sterile commercial kit by pulling the outermost flap towards his body, followed by opening the remaining flaps. The nurse touches only the outer edge of the sterile field with his hands. The nurse adds sterile items to the sterile field by placing them on the field at an angle and never allowing the wrapper to touch the field. The nurse pours normal saline form a previously opened bottle in the patient's room into a sterile receptacle without splashing. Which action(s) in preparing a sterile field did the nurse perform incorrectly? A. The nurse correctly prepared the sterile fields. B. Opening the outermost flap. Correct C. Touching the outer edge of the sterile field. D. Adding sterile items to the field. E. Pouring a sterile solution.
What is C. Touching the outer edge of the sterile field.
400
Which of the following is the most effective way to break the chain of infection? A. Hand hygiene B. Wearing gloves C. Placing patients in isolation D. Providing private rooms for patients
What is A. Hand hygiene
400
Which of the following patients, will be at risk for infection. A. 18 years old post op patient with an indwelling Foley catheter. B. A 75 year old being seen for a routine check up and uses a cane. C. A 32 year old AIDS patient on broad-spectrum antibiotic medication being seen for a sprang ankle. D. a 5 year old at a clinic with nausea and fatigue.
What is C.A 32 year old AIDS patient on broad-spectrum antibiotic medication being seen for a sprang ankle.
400
What are the patients who are more likely to develop a HAI?
Patients who are older adults, have multiple illnesses and are poorly nourished.
400
While preparing to do a sterile dressing change, a nurse accidentally sneezes over the sterile field that is on the over-the-bed table. Which of the following principles of surgical asepsis, if any, has the nurse violated? A. When a sterile field comes in contact with a wet surface, the sterile field is contaminated by capillary action. B. Fluid flows in the direction of gravity. C. A sterile field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air. D. None of the principles were violated.
C. A sterile field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air.
400
A patient is isolated for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but he knows that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the best intervention? A. Provide a dark, quiet room to calm the patient. B. Reduce the level of precautions to keep the patient from becoming angry. C. Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful stimulation. D. Limit family and other caregiver visits to reduce the risk of spreading the infection.
C. Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful stimulation.
500
A family member is providing care to a loved one who has an infected leg wound. What would you instruct the family member to do after providing care and handling contaminated equipment or organic material?
What is Perform hand hygiene after care and/or handling contaminated equipment or material.
500
what are the body's three natural defenses that protect against infection.
What is Normal Floras, Body System Defenses, Inflamation
500
Where are the major sites for HAI?
Surgical or traumatic wounds, urinary and respirator tracts, and the bloodstream.
500
At home,after administering an injection or inserting an IV catheter, where do you put the used needle
place the used needle safety device in a puncture-resistant box called
500
A patient’s surgical wound has become swollen, red, and tender. You note that the patient has a new fever and leukocytosis. What is the best immediate intervention? A. Notify the health care provider and use surgical technique to change the dressing. B. Reassure the patient and recheck the wound later. C. Notify the health care provider and support the patient’s fluid and nutritional needs. D. Alert the patient and caregivers to the presence of an infection to ensure care after discharge.
C. Notify the health care provider and support the patient’s fluid and nutritional needs.
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