Microbes
Agents of Infection
Modes of Transmission
Chain of Infection
Phases of Infection
100
A disease-producing microbe.
What is a pathogen?
100
This pathogen can be either aerobic (requiring oxygen for growth) or anaerobic (does not require oxygen).
What is bacteria?
100
Requires gloves when there is potential contact with blood or body fluids
What is universal (standard) precautions?
100
People, equipment, and water are all considered this.
What is a reservoir?
100
This is contact with a pathogen.
What is exposure?
200
Two or more pathogens simultaneously being hosted.
What is coinfection?
200
This infectious agent replicates inside the host cell.
What is a virus?
200
Transmission of a pathogen by close contact with another person or surface that is holding a pathogen.
What is direct contact?
200
Excretions, secretions, skin, and droplets are considered this.
What is a portal of exit?
200
This is when specific signs and symptoms of the disease will appear in a person.
What is acute clinical illness?
300
Microorganisms that live within nonsterile areas of the body without causing harm.
What are resident flora?
300
This organisms can present as either a yeast or a mold.
What is fungi?
300
A "vehicle" such as an animal or insect carries a pathogen between hosts.
What is vector transmission?
300
This consists of mucous membranes, GI and GU tract, respiratory tract, and broken skin
What is a portal of entry?
300
This phase extends from exposure to the antigen to the onset of signs and symptoms.
What is incubation?
400
A parasite that requires a host for metabolism and reproduction.
What is an obligate parasite?
400
Transmission of this pathogen is by vetor.
What is a protozoa?
400
The transmission of large respiratory particles by sneezing or coughing.
What is droplet transmission?
400
This can be through direct contact, ingestion, fromites, or airborne.
What are modes of transmission?
400
This is the recovery phase of a disease.
What is convalescence?
500
The process of genetic mutation to avoid recognition by the host.
What is antigenic variability?
500
The presence of this in bacteria causes a massive inflammatory response.
What is endotoxin?
500
The transmission of smaller respiratory particles by suspension in the air.
What is airborne transmission?
500
Patients with immunosuppression, diabetes, surgery, burns, and the elderly are considered this.
What is a susceptible host?
500
This involves the onset of vague symptoms.
What is the prodromal phase?
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