Etiology/Pathophysiology
Most common organism that causes erysipelas
Streptococcus pyogens
A patient develops trismus, risus sardonicus, and generalized muscle spasms after stepping on a rusty nail.
What is tetanus?
How do you differentiate between chancre and chancroid?
chancre- painless
chancroid- painful
Budding yeast with pseudohyphae are identified using this bedside microscopic preparation.
What is a KOH preparation?
This antiviral should be started within 48 hours of symptom onset in high-risk patients with influenza.
What is oseltamivir?
This organism causes Cat Scratch Disease from scratch or bite
Bartonella Henselea
A patient develops hydrophobia, agitation, and progressive encephalitis after a camping trip.
What is rabies?
Pt presents with right lower leg redness, swelling and pain. What are 3 things on your differential diagnosis?
-Cellulitis
-Necrotizing fasciitis
-DVT
-Venous insufficiency
This is the preferred diagnostic test for uncomplicated genital chlamydia infection.
What is a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)?
Pt recently dx with cellulitis has erythema spread past line of demarcation. This is the next step.
What is admission?
Treponema Pallidum
A patient presents with fever, cough, anosmia, and shortness of breath.
What is COVID-19?
Pt presents with a rash on their palms and soles. What are three diseases that are on your differential diagnosis?
-Coxsackie (HFM)
-RMSF (esp wrists)
-syphilis (secondary)
-Infective endocarditis
-Kawasaki
-measles
-toxic shock syndrome
-reactive arthritis (keratoderma blenorrhagica)
-meningiococcemia
This stain is used to identify mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum.
What is an acid-fast stain?
Treatment of choice in immunocompromised patients with CMV
Ganciclovir
Foodborne botulism most commonly results from eating this type of food.
What are improperly canned (home-canned) foods?
A patient presents with fever, malaise, and painful swelling of both parotid glands.
What is mumps?
Patient from Wisconsin has pneumonia accompanied by verrucous skin lesions. Which fungal infection is the most likely diagnosis?
What is blastomycosis?
Diagnostic test to differentiate between MSSA and MRSA cellulitis.
What is wound culture?
A patient with fever, headache, and a rash beginning on the wrists and ankles after a tick bite should immediately receive this antibiotic.
What is doxycycline?
This protozoan disease is most commonly caused by contaminated water from remote streams/wells
Giardia lamblia or Backpackers diarrhea
A patient develops a mild fever, posterior auricular lymphadenopathy, and a fine pink rash that spreads from the face downward.
What is rubella?
What are three differential diagnosis that are associated with ixodes tick?
Babesiosis, Ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease
PCR
This vitamin should routinely be given with isoniazid therapy to prevent neuropathy.
What is vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)?