Infection Control
Standard precaution measures include
What is handwashing, gloves, gown and mask(PPE)
Resistant to the anti-infective drugs that used to kill or disable them.
What is antibiotic resistance
Caused by protozoa that is transmitted via mosquito vector.
What is malaria
S&S – red, sore throat, often white patches on tonsils
What is strep throat
Will “pop out” as painful lesions of the skin along a dermatome
Herpes Zoster (shingles)
Use when any patient has diarrhea, stool incontinence, draining wounds or sores, uncontrolled secretions vomiting, draining body fluids, skin rashes or sores.
What is Contact Precautions
MRSA & resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
What is beta lactam resistance
A virus transmitted in saliva of infected host, usually by bite to the skin(most common vector is a bat)
What is rabies
S&S – sore throat, fever, pseudomembrane across tonsils & throat
What is diptheria
Manifests as vesicles (fluid-filled blisters) that begin on trunk
What is varicella (nickname “chicken pox”
Droplets can be generated by an individual during coughing, sneezing or talking (saliva)
What is droplet precautions
Developed in 1960’s in hospitalized patients that had been on methicillin
What is MRSA
Caused by Clostridium tetanii, a bacillus which can live in soil as a spore
What is Tetanus
Known as whooping cough, since one of S&S are horrible violent coughing fits
What is pertusis
S&S, painful pustules in mouth & esophagus; sometimes hemorrhage from the virulence of the variola virus toxin
What is variola (nickname “small pox”)
Examples: TB, measles, chickenpox, small pox
What is Airborne Precautions
Most common microbe causing otitis media (ear infection)
What is Streptococcus pneumoniae
Typical S&S is a descending, symmetric paralysis, including respiratory
What is botulism
Virus that invades parotid glands—swelling, fever
What is mumps
S&S—fever, rash, swollen glands. Main concern is if a woman contracts the disease in early pregnancy
What is rubella
Represent basic infection prevention measures used during every patient interaction whether a known or suspected infection is present
What is Standard Precautions
Hospital-associated infection
What is VRE
Infected area is erythematous, swollen, painful
What is cellulitis
S&S -- dense red maculopapular rash starting on head & going down to body; also fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis
What is Rubeola
An acute viral illness of the upper and lower respiratory system with S&S of fever, chills, myalgia, malaise, dry cough, headaches.
What is the flu