Pericarditis
Endocarditis
Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm
Signs/Symptoms
Labs
100

pericarditis best heard in this area

left sternal border

100

85% of the time this occurs as a new onset of endocarditis

heart murmur

100

most serious complication of AAA

rupture!

100

Pericardial friction rub, aggravated by breathing, worse when supine

pericarditis

100

familial history, pulsating mass, bruit

AAA

200

changes 90% of the time, diffuse/widespread ST elevation

EKG 

200

when should endocarditis get prophylactic treatment (need 3 things)

dental work, respiratory tract infection, tonsillectomy, wound infection, UTI

200

difference between an OAR (open aneurysm repair) and EVAR (endovascular aneurysm repair)

EVAR: performed inside vessel, less invasive

OAR: open abdominal surgery

200

occur within 2 weeks of bacteremia, non-specific (low grade fever, chills, weakness, fatigue, anorexia, arthralgias, back pain, etc.)

endocarditis

200

explain criteria for + blood culture for endocarditis

3 cultures drawn over 1 hour from 3 different sites

300

build up of fluid in pericardium, may have cough, tachypnea, dyspnea, distant/muffled heart sounds

pericardial effusion

300

affects those with pre-existing heart valve disease and has a clinical course that may extend over months, milder in presentation

subacute endocarditis

300

goal of care for AAA

prevent rupture

300

Relieved by sitting up and leaning forward

pericarditis 

300

130/90 = 40

pulse pressure

400
3 things to help care for a patient with pericarditis

bedrest with HOB at 45 degrees. antibiotics if bacterial, NSAIDs, prednisone, pericardiocentesis

400

affects healthy valves and manifests as a rapidly progressive illness; therapy needs to be prompt and rigorous

acute endocarditis

400

if AAA less than 4 cm what do you do (3 things)

watchful waiting, decrease risk factors, decrease BP, annual monitoring of size
400

hemorrhagic retinal lections

roth spots (endocarditis) 

400

systolic BP 10mm higher on expiration than on inspiration

pulsus paradoxus 

500

Develops as pericardial effusion increases in volume

Cardiac tamponade

500

who gets endocarditis

damaged epithelium (valve replacements, defects), and port of entry

500

3 ways to repair AAA

open surgery repair, clamp artery, sew synthetic graft

500

often asymptomatic, found during routine physical exams, bruit

AAA

500

increased WBC, ESR, and CRP

pericarditis

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