Basics of Influenza
Symptoms & Complications
High-Risk Groups
Vaccination
Myths & Facts
100
What type of virus causes influenza?
(RNA virus, Orthomyxoviridae)
100
The sudden onset of what symptom often differentiates influenza from the common cold?
(Fever)
100
Name one high-risk group.
(Elderly, children, pregnant women, HCWs, immunocompromised)
100
What is the most effective preventive measure against influenza?
(Annual vaccination)
100
True/False: The flu shot can give you the flu.
(False)
200
Name two types of influenza viruses that cause seasonal epidemics
(A & B)
200
Name two systemic symptoms.
(Myalgia, fatigue, headache)
200
Why are pregnant women considered high-risk?
(Increased maternal & fetal complications)
200
How often should people be vaccinated?
(Every year)
200
True/False: Only sick people need the vaccine.
(False – healthy spread too)
300
What is the average incubation period?
(2 days)
300
What serious respiratory condition can influenza cause?
(Pneumonia / ARDS)
300
Which chronic diseases are worsened by influenza?
(Asthma, diabetes, heart disease, COPD)
300
By what percentage does vaccination reduce hospitalizations?
(40–60%)
300
What is the most common side effect of vaccination?
(Soreness at injection site)
400
Which organ system does influenza primarily affect?
(Respiratory)
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400
Influenza infection increases risk of which cardiovascular events?
(Heart attack, stroke)
400
Which group should be prioritized for vaccination to prevent nosocomial outbreaks?
(Healthcare workers)
400
What phenomenon makes yearly vaccination necessary?
(Antigenic drift)
400
True/False: One flu vaccine lasts a lifetime.
(False)
500
Define “antigenic drift.”
(Small genetic changes in virus surface proteins causing annual epidemics)
500
What complication is common in children with influenza?
(Otitis media / febrile seizures)
500
What is herd immunity and why is it important?
(Community-level protection when enough people are vaccinated)
500
Which Saudi body provides free seasonal flu vaccination?
(MOH – Ministry of Health)
500
True/False: Vaccination is optional for healthcare workers.
(False – strongly recommended, sometimes mandatory)
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