Central Idea/Research
Current, Relevant, Authority, Accurate, Purpose
What is the CRAAP test (for sources?)
Things such as heading, bulleted lists, and graphics that help a reader find important information
What are text features?
How an author organizes information in a passage.
What is text structure?
Consider the word "compound" as it appears in this sentence: "The author's elaborate argument served only to compound the existing confusion among the researchers."
Based on its position and function in the sentence, this is the correct definition of the word in this specific context:
What is option 1 (to make something bad or difficult situation worse)?
Original tweet from a tech influencer: "The new AI update allows users to generate full-length videos in seconds using simple text prompts."
Student writes: "AI can now turn text prompts into full-length videos almost instantly."
Is this statement a summary or a paraphrase?
What is a paraphrase?
The main point or core message that an author wants you to understand and take away from a text.
What is the central idea?
a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below it is about and hinting at the central idea and the author's purpose
What is a heading?
Because, therefore, as a result, consequently, leads to, due to.
What are signal words for Cause & Effect?
Read this sentence from a historical text: "Despite the tumultuous chaos of the marketplace, the seasoned merchant remained extraordinarily phlegmatic, displaying neither panic nor excitement as the crowd surged around him."
Based on the surrounding context and the function of the word in the sentence, which option is the most accurate definition of phlegmatic:
What is Option 2 (having an unemotional, calm, and composed disposition)?
Original article on gaming: "A streamer set a world record by playing an open-world RPG for 72 straight hours, raising $100,000 for charity, battling severe sleep deprivation, and defeating every hidden boss in the game."
Student writes: "A gamer broke a world record during a 72-hour charity stream."
Is this statement a summary or a paraphrase?
What is a summary?
If the central idea is the main point the author wants to make, while ________ _________is the reason why they chose to write about it.
What is author's purpose?
Small notes at the bottom of page; they explain, define, or expand on information in the text
What is a footnote?
The issue is, difficulty, challenge, in order to solve, proposed solution, to address this.
What are signal words for Problem and Solution?
The etymology for the prefix mal- means bad or ill and the root content means satisfied— determine the meaning for malcontent.
Of the following choices, which is the most accurate definition of the word based on those word parts:
What is option 1 (A person who is chronically dissatisfied and rebellious against authority)?
Original statement from a viral music review: "The lead single’s production features heavy synth-bass and an 80s-inspired drum pattern, making it a dramatic departure from the artist’s acoustic roots."
Student writes: "The artist totally ruined their sound on the new single by replacing their classic acoustic style with cheap, annoying 80s synths."
What is neither? (student opinion added)
Research Topic: The Impact of Renewable Energy
Of the following three self-generated research questions, which is the most focused and effective question to guide a research project:
What is "How has the expansion of solar farms in the Mojave Desert affected local desert tortoise populations over the past decade?"
A visual list that breaks up dense paragraphs and organizes items with symbols like dots or squares, drawing the reader's eye straight to the most important data, features, or takeaways.
What is a bulleted list?
Text:
"Unlike solar energy, wind energy depends on air currents."
What is Compare and Contrast?
A student encounters the word "philanthropist" in a historical text. By applying etymological knowledge of Greek roots—recognizing phileo (meaning to love) and anthropos (meaning human being)—the student deduces the precise meaning of the term.
Of the following choices, which is the accurate definition derived from these word origins:
What is option 3 (One who actively works to promote the welfare of others, typically through generous donations of money or time)?
Original statement from a social media trend study: "Algorithm-driven feed curation creates echo chambers that reinforce preexisting user biases by filtering out opposing viewpoints."
Student writes: "Social media algorithms feed us content we already agree with while hiding opposing opinions, which strengthens our personal biases."
What is a paraphrase?
A student is organizing findings to write a research paper for a high school sociology journal on how messaging apps influence teen social interactions. Given the following three sources, this is the most logical source to prioritize first to establish a foundational, credible overview of current trends before moving on to specific student perspectives or historical essays (source 1, 2, or 3):
What is Source 2 (the peer-reviewed national study published this year)?
Creates a visual roadmap so readers can preview what is coming next, lets readers see how a text is structured, establishes information hierarchy by using different heading sizes, and shows how ideas connect.
What are subheadings?
Text:
"The rainforest is rich with biodiversity, including rare birds and colorful insects."
What is Description?
In a persuasive essay about a corporate policy change, an author chooses to describe a manager's cautious approach as "meticulous" rather than "hesitant." Both words share a similar denotation related to carefulness, but they carry vastly different connotations. Of the following options, this best describes the impact of choosing "meticulous" on the text's tone and meaning:
What is Option 2 (it creates a positive, respectful tone by emphasizing the manager's extreme precision, thoroughness, and attention to detail)?
Original news report on a viral festival cancellation: "Organizers abruptly canceled the weekend music festival on Friday morning, citing severe weather warnings, flooded campgrounds, and compromised stage structures."
Student writes: "The festival was canceled on Friday due to unsafe weather and flooding, which proves the organizers were totally unprepared and greedy for not investing in decent drainage."
What is neither? (adds accusation and opinion)