Inferencing & Author’s Message
The article says, “Students cheered when the cafeteria added more lunch options.”
What can you infer?
A. Students like loud environments.
B. Students were unhappy with the old menu.
C. Students were forced to eat new foods.
D. Students do not enjoy lunchtime.
B. Students were unhappy with the old menu.
What is the purpose of supporting evidence in an informational text?
A. To decorate writing
B. To prove or explain the main idea
C. To make the story longer
D. To confuse the reader
B. To prove or explain the main idea
What belongs in a good summary?
A. Every sentence from the text
B. The central idea and key details
C. Random examples
D. Personal opinions
B. The central idea and key details
What is a controlling idea?
A. A random opinion
B. The main point the author develops
C. The title of the passage
D. The first fact mentioned
B. The main point the author develops
What is the purpose of a heading?
A. To tell what a section is about
B. To confuse the reader
C. To make the text longer
D. To show emotion
A. To tell what a section is about
A writer describes a librarian who stays late to help students find books. What can you infer about her?
A. She is careless with her time.
B. She dislikes reading.
C. She is dedicated to her work.
D. She only works for extra pay.
C. She is dedicated to her work.
Which detail best supports the idea that teamwork leads to success?
A. “Some people prefer to work alone.”
B. “Groups that cooperate finish projects faster.”
C. “Everyone should compete.”
D. “Friends rarely agree.”
B. “Groups that cooperate finish projects faster.”
What should not be included in a summary?
A. The author’s purpose
B. Unrelated opinions
C. Important details
D. Main idea
B. Unrelated opinions
If a passage is titled “Why Bees Matter,” what is the most likely controlling idea?
A. Bees sting people.
B. Bees are important to nature.
C. Bees make noise.
D. Bees live in groups.
B. Bees are important to nature.
Which text structure shows how one event causes another?
A. Chronological order
B. Cause and effect
C. Problem and solution
D. Compare and contrast
B. Cause and effect
The author says, “Even the loudest kids went quiet when the storm began.” What can you infer?
A. The storm was weak.
B. The storm was powerful or frightening.
C. The kids left the room.
D. The author dislikes storms.
B. The storm was powerful or frightening.
Which sentence best supports the claim that reading helps the brain?
A. “Students love mystery books.”
B. “Studies show daily readers have stronger vocabulary skills.”
C. “Teachers assign reading logs.”
D. “Reading can be done anywhere.”
B. “Studies show daily readers have stronger vocabulary skills.”
A scientist studies ocean animals, explains her discoveries, and helps protect sea turtles.
What is the best summary?
A. A scientist works to protect sea turtles through research.
B. Sea turtles are endangered animals.
C. Scientists enjoy the ocean.
D. Ocean life is unpredictable.
A. A scientist works to protect sea turtles through research.
An article explains how recycling reduces waste and saves energy.
What is the controlling idea?
A. Recycling is good for the environment.
B. Recycling is difficult.
C. Recycling should stop.
D. Recycling is expensive.
A. Recycling is good for the environment.
Which structure shows how two ideas are similar or different?
A. Description
B. Cause and effect
C. Compare and contrast
D. Sequence
C. Compare and contrast
The town planted hundreds of new trees after a drought. The mayor said it would help cool the streets and clean the air.
What can you infer about the town’s priorities?
A. They care about improving the environment.
B. They want to cut down trees.
C. They dislike city life.
D. They are trying to save money.
A. They care about improving the environment.
Students who keep planners miss fewer deadlines. One teacher said, “Organization helps students manage stress.” What evidence supports the claim that planning helps students?
A. Students forget homework often.
B. Students who use planners miss fewer deadlines.
C. Teachers collect planners weekly.
D. Most students dislike planning.
B. Students who use planners miss fewer deadlines.
Every winter, birds fly south for food and warmth. They return in spring when temperatures rise.
What is the best summary?
A. Birds migrate south for warmth and return in spring.
B. Birds love the south.
C. Birds dislike winter.
D. Birds only travel once.
A. Birds migrate south for warmth and return in spring.
Firefighters train daily and risk their lives to help others. Their bravery keeps communities safe.
What is the controlling idea?
A. Firefighters need better equipment.
B. Firefighters are brave and protect the community.
C. Firefighters are afraid of danger.
D. Firefighters dislike training.
B. Firefighters are brave and protect the community.
Many cities struggle with litter. Some add recycling bins, others hold clean-up days.
What structure is used?
A. Problem and solution
B. Cause and effect
C. Chronological
D. Description
A. Problem and solution
Every weekend, Jonah volunteered at the animal shelter—even when no one asked him to. The staff called him their “weekend hero.”
What can you infer about Jonah’s character?
A. He dislikes animals.
B. He only helps when told.
C. He is responsible and kind-hearted.
D. He wants attention.
C. He is responsible and kind-hearted.
City gardens have changed neighborhoods. Residents report lower stress levels and more friendships since the gardens opened.
What detail best supports the author’s claim that gardens benefit communities?
A. Residents report lower stress and more friendships.
B. Gardens require maintenance.
C. Flowers attract bees.
D. Cities are crowded.
A. Residents report lower stress and more friendships.
After a flood, volunteers gathered donations, rebuilt homes, and helped families find shelter.
What is the best summary?
A. Floods are dangerous.
B. Volunteers helped rebuild and support the community.
C. Homes were destroyed by water.
D. Families moved away permanently.
B. Volunteers helped rebuild and support the community.
Farmers use new methods to grow crops with less water, protecting soil and saving resources.
What is the controlling idea?
A. Farming is boring.
B. Farmers are finding sustainable ways to grow food.
C. Farmers should use more water.
D. Farmers need more land.
B. Farmers are finding sustainable ways to grow food.
Scientists discovered a new species of frog. They compared it to others and noted its unique colors and sounds.
What structure is used?
A. Problem and solution
B. Compare and contrast
C. Description
D. Sequence
B. Compare and contrast
What is the most likely reason the author includes the photograph at the beginning of the article 'Want to Boost your Brain? Get Moving and exercise!'
Something along the lines of: To show the reader that the text will be about exercise.
Which detail from the article 'Want to boost your brain? Get moving and exercise!' supports the idea that exercise can protect memory and mental abilities as people age?
"Scientist have found that exercise can increase the size of the hippocampus and increase levels of a protein that aids the growth of new brain cells. This can help prevent older adults from losing mental abilities and memory"
Which of these is the best summary of the entire article?
A. The article explains that exercise helps people stay healthy and fit. Scientists have learned that activity is good for the brain too. Exercise improves memory and may prevent Alzheimer’s disease.
B. Exercise helps keep the body strong and the brain healthy at every age. Scientists discovered that physical activity increases brain chemicals like BDNF, improves memory, and supports learning. From babies building new brain connections to adults preventing memory loss, staying active keeps the mind sharp throughout life.
C. The author describes different scientists who study exercise and the brain. They all agree that being active helps improve attention and focus. The article ends by suggesting that more research is needed to understand brain changes.
D. The passage shows how people should exercise more often to stay healthy. It includes facts about children and adults, but mostly tries to convince readers to go outside and move. By moving you can become physically stronger and also keep your brain healthy. You build more neurons when you exercise which helps you become smarter.
B. Exercise helps keep the body strong and the brain healthy at every age. Scientists discovered that physical activity increases brain chemicals like BDNF, improves memory, and supports learning. From babies building new brain connections to adults preventing memory loss, staying active keeps the mind sharp throughout life.
Which details from paragraphs 9 through 13 best support the idea that exercise can improve brain growth and learning in children?
A. “Babies are in near-constant motion, which helps their brains to grow.”
B. “Scientists have found that regular exercise can actually improve school performance.”
C. “The hippocampus helps with memory and learning.”
D. “Exercise continues to be healthy for the brain as children start school.”
B. “Scientists have found that regular exercise can actually improve school performance.”
The author uses a cause-and-effect structure in the selection most likely to—
A. explain how exercise leads to not only physical but also mental benefits in the brain.
B. describe how scientists have proven exercise can affect memory and attention.
C. compare the benefits of exercise for children and adults.
D. persuade readers to exercise more often by using facts to inform the reader about the benefits of exercising.
A. explain how exercise leads to not only physical but also mental benefits in the brain.