Inheritance
Adaptations
Adaptations 2
Natural Selection/Evolution
Past Questions
100
True or false, A segment of DNA is called a trait. ____________________
false, Genes are segments of DNA which are physically expressed as Traits
100
true or false, Species can change over time and adapt to their environment.
true
100
What was the name of the british scientist/Naturalist who surveyed the Galapagos Island and first theorized about natural selection and evolution? a.) Albert Einstein b.) Gregor Mendel c.) Charles Darwin d.) Isaac Newton
c) Darwin
100
True or false, A difference in beak shape among members of the same finch species is an example of variation.
true
100
Which of the following is NOT an example of a trait? a. blue eyes c. salamander b. blonde hair d. tall
c.) salamander
200
Describe the difference between a genotype and phenotype of a individual organism.
The genotype is the complete set of genes an organism has while the phenotype is how the trait of that particular gene appears, or is expressed
200
What are all of the different types of adaptations? a.) All physical traits an organism has b.) Structural traits c.) Structural, Behavioral, and Functional traits d.) Behavioral and Functional traits.
c.) Structural, Behavioral, and Functional traits
200
The photo on the smartboard is a leaf butterfly. Which explains how the butterfly came to resemble a leaf? a.) the butterfly's shape is the result of an EXCHANGE OF GENES WITH PLANTS over many generations b.) the butterfly's shape is the result of the ENVIRONMENT CAUSING MUTATIONS over many generations c.) The buttterfly's shape is the result of the ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCING ITS PHENOTYPE over many generations d.) The butterfly's shape is the result of the ENVIRONMENT SELECTIING VARIATIONS over many generations
d.) selecting variations
200
A population of beetles changing from yellow to brown and surviving better is an example of _____. a. genes c. natural selection b. mutations d. selective breeding
The color of brown beetles is a variation that helps them survive. This variation becomes an adaptation through natural selection.
200
What are the three things needs for natural selection to occur?
variation, differences in fitness, and inheritance of trait
300
A permanent change in the sequence of DNA in a gene is a called?
mutation
300
What type of adaptation is a cobra’s ability to spit venom? a. behavioral b. functional c. camouflage d. structural
b. functional, the splitting is a biochemical change that enables the cobra to survive.
300
Camouflage is an example of _____. a. natural selection c. behavioral adaptation b. selective breeding d. physical/structural adaptation
d.) physical adaptation
300
What are the four situations/processes that need to take place for natural selection to take place?
1.) Variations in traits 2.) Organisms compete/Differences in fitness 3. )Traits are inherited 4.) Adaptation over time
300
How do organisms get their genes?
They are inherited from their parents through sexual reproduction
400
What occurs during fertilization?
Fertilization is the joining of an egg cell with a sperm cell.
400
What two processes causes variation to occur in a population
sexual reproduction and mutation
400
Which of the following is a behavioral adaptation? a. Horses run as a herd. b. Horses can run quickly to escape predators. c. Horses’ teeth can grind grass. d. Horses’ hooves can withstand the shock of their bodies running.
a.) horses run as a heard
400
Predators avoid the scarlet king snake because it looks like the coral snake, even though the king snake is NOT venomous. This similarity in coloring is an example of what type of adaptation? What must be true about the coral snake?
Coral snake must be venomous It is a form of mimicry
400
Identify and describe the four structures in the diagram. (smartboard)
DNA (I) is a molecule that contains genes (II). It is coiled inside a cell’s nucleus (III) and forms a chromosome (IV).
500
Patrick recently married Patti, a cute girl he met at a local dance. He is considered a purebred for his tall head shape (T), which is dominant over a short head (t). If Patti is a short-headed woman, what type of heads would their children have? A. List the genotypes for each: Patrick - ______ Patti - _______ B. Complete the Punnett square to show the possible offspring. C. Which type of head is most likely: tall or short? Explain. D. Would the children be considered purebreds? Explain.
a. Patrick; TT Patti: tt c. Tall, because they will have heterozygous children that carry the dominant allele d. No the will be hybrids
500
List and explain the three categories into which scientists classify adaptations
Scientists classify adaptations into three categories: structural, behavioral, and functional. Structural adaptations involve color, shape, and other physical characteristics. Behavioral adaptations involve the way an organism behaves or acts. Functional adaptations involve a change in biochemistry that increases survival.
500
Explain how two species might trigger adaptive changes in each other. Why does this occur?
answer vary,
500
Compare and contrast natural selection and selective breeding.
Natural selection is when organisms with traits best suited to their environments are most likely to survive and reproduce. Selective breeding is the deliberate breeding of plants or animals for desired traits. In natural selection, the environment is affecting the traits that are passed on to the offspring. In selective breeding, the breeder selects the traits.
500
If tall eyeballs (T) are dominant to short eyeballs(t), give the genotypes that are possible for members of Mr. Krabbs’ family. Tall eyeballs = ___________________ Short eyeballs = ______________________
Tall eyeballs - TT, Tt; short eyeballs - tt
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