Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Rocks and Minerals
Miscellaneous
100
How do geologists obtain evidence about Earth's interior?
What is recording and studying seismic waves
100
What is the point beneath earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake?
What is the focus
100
What is the pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects?
What is the magma chamber
100
How light is reflected from a mineral's surface is called what?
What is luster
100
What are rocks made up of?
What is a mixture of minerals and other materials.
200
What is a fossil?
What is any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock
200
What can cause damage days or months after a large earthquake?
What is an aftershock
200
What is the long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to the earth's surface?
What is the pipe
200
What is igneous rock that formed from lava that erupted onto earth's surface?
What is extrusive rock
200
What is chalk formed from sediments made of skeletons of microscopic living things in the ocean.
What is an organic rock
300
In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of an earthquake?
What is away from the focus
300
What is Pangaea?
What is the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago.
300
If a volcanoes magma is high in silica, how will the volcano erupt?
What is it will erupt explosively
300
What is a fracture?
What is the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way.
300
What is foliated?
What is the texture of a metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel layers.
400
What is the difference between a transform boundary, a convergent boundary, and a divergent boundary?
What is a transform boundary is a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions. A convergent boundary is a plate boundary where two plates push together. A divergent boundary is a plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.
400
In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupt where?
What is along the mid-ocean ridge
400
What is a caldera?
What is the huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain.
400
Explain what deposition and cementation are.
What is deposition is the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it. Cementation is the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together.
400
List the layers of the earth in order from the outermost layer to the innermost layer.
What is the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.
500
Describe how the shapes of present-day continents support the theory of continental drift?
What is on a map, the outlines of some present-day continents could fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle.
500
Distinguish between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake?
What is the focus is the point beneath earth's surface where rock that is under stress breaks, triggering an earthquake. The epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the earthquake's focus.
500
Describe the three stages of a volcano.
What is an active volcano is one that is erupting or has shown signs that it may erupt in the near future. A dormant volcano may awaken in the future and become active. An extinct volcano is unlikely to erupt again.
500
How are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks formed?
What is igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks are formed when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. Metamorphic rocks are formed from changes in heat and pressure deep beneath the earth's surface.
500
Which group of rocks is most likely to contain fossils? Why?
What is sedimentary rocks are most likely to contain fossils. Fossils are the remains of once-living organisms. The sediments that make up sedimentary rock often include the remains of plants and animals.
M
e
n
u