IFR Requirements
When is an instrument rating required?
-File an IFR flight plan
-Accept an IFR clearance
-Fly in controlled airspace in Wx below basic VFR
-Special VFR at night
-Class A airspace
What is the preflight info required for IFR?
Notams
Weather reports
Known traffic delays advised by ATC.
Runway lengths of intended use
Alternatives available
Fuel Requirements
Takeoff and landing performance data
How do you identify station passage?
Using a VOR, station passage of a VOR occurs when the TO/FROM flag changes its indication.
What are the 5 Ts?
CRAFT
Clearance Limit
Route
Altitudes
Frequencies
Transponder Setting
If you completed 2 approaches in April, 4 in September, and 1 in October. What is the first day you are not current?
November 1
When do you need an alternate?
A destination is required if:
-1 hour before/after ETA, weather is less than:
-2000' ceiling and/or 3 SM visibility.
Destination airport HAS to have an instrument approached published or else you need an alternate, regardless of weather.
Which approaches use WAAS?
NOTE: Only accepting full approach names and not their shortened approach names.
-Localizer Performance
-Localizer Performance with Vertical guidance
-Lateral Navigation/Vertical Navigation (W/o baro VNAV approaches)
When do you start your timer on your inbound and outbound legs of a published hold?
Outbound - timing begins once over/abeam the fix. (Flag flip)
Inbound - timing begins when established wings-level on the inbound turn and ends at the fix.
5 Cs
Cram
Climb
Clean
Click
Call/Communicate
Recency-of-experience requirements for IFR?
-6 instrument approaches, holding patterns, and intercepting/tracking of courses using navigation aids within the preceding six months.
-3 take-offs and landings within preceding 90 days (full stop at night) to carry passengers
-Biennial flight review
How can you file an IFR flight plan?
What are the 4 parts of the ILS?
Where are they located? (Distances)
1. Localizer (18 NM)
2. Glideslope (10 NM)
3. Marker Beacon (4-7NM)
4. ALS (1500-3000 ft)
ATC states “Hold SOUTHEAST of ABC on the 135 radial, LEFT TURNS”. You are inbound from the west.
-Draw on the board
What is your entry? What is your inbound and out bound leg?
Parallel entry.
Inbound leg will be 315.
Outbound leg will be 355 to intersect the fix.
SHARPTT
Don't fly a procedure turn when:
Straight in approach
Holding in lieu of a pt
DME Arc
Radar vectors to final
No PT
Timed approach from a holding fix
Teardrop course reversal
What is the required equipment for IFR?
Generator
Radios
Altimeter
Ball
Clock
Attitude indicator
Rate of turn
Directional Gyros
What are the min weather conditions required at an airport to list it as an alternative for an ILS Approach?
600 Ft ceiling and 2 SM Visibility
Do you have to go missed on an RNAV approach if you don't see the runway by the VDP?
The VDP is a great way to fly a stabilized approach from MDA to the runway, but it's not a legal requirement for going missed.
On an approach plate's plan view, what does a four pointed star enclosed in a circle depict?
A fly over waypoint. It can denote a missed approach point, a missed approach holding point, etc. Must be flown over before making any turns.
MEA
AVEF
Lost coms procedures:
Fly the highest of the
Min altitude prescribes for IFR on your route
Expected (Expect 5000 10 min after departure)
Assigned by ATC
Select the route by this order:
Assigned route or
vectored or
Expected route or
Filed route
Required IRA Minimum Aeronautical Experience
-50 hours Cross County PIC Time
-40 hours actual or sim instrument instrument of which 15 hours with CFII
-Including 1 cross country of 250 NM w/ an instrument approach at each airport, 3 different types, with a filed IFR flight plan.
-3 hours instrument flight training in the last 2 calendar months prior to practical test.
Do you need a transponder to fly IFR?
You do not need a transponder to fly IFR, as long as you stay outside of airspace that requires it.
FAR 91.215 (d)(3) states that a request for deviation from the transponder requirement can be made to ATC at least one hour before the operation in airspace that requires it.
When can you descend below MDA/DA? 91.175
1. Plane must be in a continuous position to descend to land at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers.
2. Flight visibility must be no lower than prescribed in for the approach being used.
3. Atleast one of the visual references is visible.
Threshold, rwy, touchdown zone markings/lights
REIL, VASI/PAPI, or ALS.
If you see ALS, you can't descent below 100' above tdze unless you see red side row bars.
You received the holding instruction with an EFC of 18:55 Zulu, about an hour later. You inquire ATC about the reason for the hold, and they say its due to traffic congestion on arrival.
Once established in the hold, or when workload permits, it's time to start planning forward.
What are some questions you can ask yourself to stay ahead?
Knowing the answers to these questions early will help you avoid getting into a low-fuel situation and keep the flight safe.
MARVELOUS VFR C500
M – Missed approach
A – Airspeed changes more than 10 knots or 5 percent
R – Reaching a holding fix
V – VFR-on-top altitude changes
E – ETA change more than 3 minutes (no radar)
L – Leaving a holding fix
O – Outer marker inbound (no radar)
U – Unforecast weather
S – Safety of flight issues
V – Vacating an altitude
F – Final approach fix inbound (no radar)
R – Radio or nav failures
C – Compulsory reporting points (no radar)
500 FPM climb or decent unable