Insulin
What is the Primary Role of Insulin in the Body?
To Lower Blood Glucose and Fatty Acid Concentration
What is the Primary role of Glucagon in the Body?
To Help Maintain Blood Glucose Concentration during Exercise.
Where in the Body can the Energy Produced by ATP be Used?
Anywhere
A Regulatory Hormone is?
A hormone that helps to store energy by removing excess substrate from the blood in response to a meal.
Hyperglycemia
High Blood Glucose (Sugar), Due to too little or not properly used Insulin
What type of Hormone is Insulin?
Regulatory
What type of Hormone is Glucagon
Counterregulatory
Short-term in Liver and Muscles
A Counterregulatory Hormone is?
A hormone that helps maintain blood supply of nutrients in response to physiologic stress.
Glycolysis
Irreversible process of glucose conversion into ATP
Insulin Increases Glucose Uptake in?
Muscles, Liver, and Adipose Tissue
What does Glucagon Inhibit?
Insulin and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake
Lipids/Fatty Acids is Energy that is Stored?
Long-Term in Adipose Tissue
Hormones are Key Regulators of?
Both the catabolic and anabolic processes of glycogenolysis and lipolysis.
Lipogenesis
The Irreversible process of converting glucose into Lipids/Fatty Acids
What is something that Insulin Inhibits?
Muscle and liver glycogenolysis
Glucagon is secreted by what and to what place?
Secreted by alpha cells in pancreas into the the blood.
How does Insulin Store Energy?
By removing excess substrate from the blood in response to a meal
During Exercise What Hormone Increases and What Hormone Decreases?
Increase in counterregulatory hormones and a rapid decrease in regulatory hormones.
Glycogenolysis
Reversible process of breaking down glycogen
What are two things that Insulin Stimulates
1) Muscle and liver glycogen synthesis
2) Adipose and muscle lipogenesis
What does Glucagon Stimulate?
Hepatic glycogenolysis, hepatic gluconeogenesis, and adipose tissue lipolysis.
Ketone Bodies Produce Energy that is Used Where?
Only by the Heart and Brain
What are 5 Counterregulatory Hormones?
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Glucagon, Growth Hormone, and Cortisol.
Ketogenesis
Irreversible process of glucagon conversion of fatty acids to ketone bodies