Energy
This is the unit of measurement for energy
What are Joules
This subatomic particle determines the element
What is a proton?
These two forces are in balance in a main sequence star
What are gravity (pushing inward) and pressure from fusion (pushing outward)?
Trenches are created at this type of boundary
What are convergent boundaries?
A basketball is dropped from a height of 2 meters, Its mass is 0.625 kg. This is how much potential energy it has.
What is 12.25 J
The ratio of useful energy output to energy input
What is efficiency?
In order to become an isotope, an atom gains or loses these
What are neutrons?
These colorful lines are how scientists know what stars are made of
What are emission spectra?
A divergent plate boundary can create these two geographic features
What are rift valleys and mid-ocean ridges?
This is the density of 10 mL of a liquid with a mass of 20 g
2.0 g/mL
The energy transformation that occurs when coal is burned
What is chemical to thermal (or radiant)?
These are two signs of chemical change
(any two) Gas production, color change, temperature change, creation of a precipitate, odor change
Low mass stars fuse up to this element, while high mass stars can fuse up to iron.
What is carbon?
Convection currents in this layer of the earth allow the plates to move
What is the asthenosphere?
The half-life of Carbon-14 is 5,730 years. If you have a woolly mammoth bone with 3.5 g of C-14 in it, and 17,190 years have passed, how much C-14 was there when the mammoth died?
28 grams
This is the original source of energy in a coal burning powerplant
What is the sun?
This is the difference between a mixture and a compound.
A compound is made from elements bonded together, and a mixture is different elements or compounds mixed together (but not chemically attached to each other)
These are the 4 pieces of evidence that support the big bang theory
What are: Red-shift, laws of conservation, abundance of small elements (H and He), and cosmic microwave background radiation
This is the explanation of how subduction creates volcanoes (pictures are fine)
When a more dense plate subducts under a less dense plate, it melts. When material gets heated up, it becomes less dense and rises. The magma rises up and forms a volcano above it on the land (or a new volcanic island in the ocean)
A block is 4.5 cm x 5 cm x 2 cm. Its density is 7.5 g/cm3. What is its mass?
337.5 grams
These three types of energy can be classified as "potential energy"
What are chemical, nuclear, and mechanical (gravitational potential)?
Complete the following chart:
Element name: Carbon
Symbol: ______
Mass: 14
Protons: 6
Neutrons: ___
Electrons: ____
Charge: 0
14/6 C
Neutrons: 8
Electrons: 5
These are the steps a very massive star will go through in its life (in order)
What is: nebula, proto-star, main sequence star, red giant, supernova, black hole
This is one piece of evidence for the theory of plate tectonics, and an explanation of it.
(Many correct answers, including age of seafloor, matching fossils, glacial valleys, mountain ranges, and the shape of the continents)
A wave is pulled through a window at a constant speed. In 10 seconds, 15 waves (5 cm from crest to crest) were pulled through the window. What is the SPEED of this wave?
(c=fw)
Frequency is 15/10 (1.5 Hz)
Wavelength is .05 meters
c= (1.5Hz) x (.05m)
c= .075 m/s