Science Practices
This is a systematic way of studying the natural world using evidence.
What is science?
These are the three main subatomic particles found in an atom.
What are protons, neutrons, and electrons?
A horizontal row on the periodic table is called this.
What is a period?
This type of bond involves the transfer of electrons, usually between a metal and a nonmetal.
What is an ionic bond?
What is the formula for calculating density?
Density = mass ÷ volume, or D = m/v
Convert all 5 measurements. Teams must answer all 5 correctly to earn their wager.
Convert 3.5 kilometers to meters.
Convert 450 centimeters to meters.
Convert 2,500 milligrams to grams.
Convert 0.075 kilometers to centimeters.
Convert 0.0045 kilograms to milligrams.
3,500 m
4.5 m
2.5 g
7,500 cm
4,500 mg
This is a logical explanation based on observations and prior knowledge.
What is an inference?
This positively charged particle is found in the nucleus and determines an element's identity.
What is a proton?
A vertical column on the periodic table is called this.
What is a group or family?
This type of bond involves atoms sharing electrons, usually between nonmetals.
What is a covalent bond?
An object has a mass of 20 g and a volume of 5 mL. Calculate its density.
4 g/mL. Calculation: 20 g ÷ 5 mL = 4 g/mL.
In an experiment testing how water temperature affects the time sugar takes to dissolve, this is the variable intentionally changed.
What is the independent variable (water temperature)?
An atom has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16. How many neutrons does it contain?
8 neutrons (16 − 8 = 8).
Elements in the same group often have similar chemical properties because they have similar numbers of these electrons.
What are valence electrons?
In the equation 2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O, identify the reactants and the product.
Answer: The reactants are hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂); the product is water (H₂O).
A neutral oxygen atom has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?
8 protons, 10 neutrons, and 8 electrons.
On a standard graph, the independent variable belongs on this axis, while the dependent variable belongs on this axis.
What are the x-axis and y-axis, respectively?
Carbon-12 and carbon-14 have the same number of protons but different numbers of these particles.
What are neutrons?
Moving from left to right across a period, atomic radius generally does this.
What is decrease?
Name two possible signs that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Any two of the following: gas production, precipitate formation, temperature change, color change, light production, or formation of a new substance.
Balance this equation by changing coefficients only: (H2 + O2 -->H2O
2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O
A student says, “The liquid is boiling because I see bubbles.” Explain the difference between an observation and an inference in this statement.
The bubbles are the observation; concluding that the liquid is boiling is the inference.
A neutral atom has 11 protons and 11 electrons. It gains one electron. What is its charge, and what happens to its elemental identity?
It has a −1 charge, and it remains the same element because its number of protons does not change.
Moving down a group, atomic radius generally increases. State the general direction in which electronegativity and ionization energy increase.
What is toward the upper-right of the periodic table?
Identify the reaction type represented by
AB --> A + B, and explain what happens during this reaction.
Decomposition. One compound breaks down into simpler substances.
A reaction begins with 25 g of reactants. After the reaction, a student measures only 21 g in an open container. Explain the 4 g difference using the law of conservation of mass.
A gas or other material may have escaped into the surroundings. In a closed system, total mass would remain 25 g because matter is not created or destroyed.